Can you define protocol?
Can you explain the concept of Interlayer and multilayer approach?
What is a protocol stack or protocol suite?
Can you explain the concept of OSI layer?
Can you explain the different layers in OSI model?
Can you explain Application layer in OSI model?
Can you explain Presentation layer in OSI model?
Is it compulsory that compression, encryption and translation functions will be used during communication?
Can you explain Session layer in OSI model?
What’s the concept of Simplex, Half Duplex and Full Duplex dialogs?
What are the different types of dialogs in Session layer?
Can you explain Transport layer in OSI model?
Can you explain the concept of Congestion?
Can you explain Application layer in OSI model?
Can you explain the concept of DPU, Segments, Datagram, Frame and packet?Can you explain the concept of Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Switches, Routers, Layer 3 switches and CSU/DSUs?why does collision occur in HUBS and repeaters?
Can you explain the concept of Collision domain?
Can you explain the difference between Base band and Broad Band?
Friday, December 21, 2007
Networking Interview questions-1st part
Can you define protocol? 6
Can you explain the concept of Interlayer and multilayer approach? 6
What is a protocol stack or protocol suite? 6
Can you explain the concept of OSI layer? 6
Can you explain the different layers in OSI model? 7
Can you explain Application layer in OSI model? 8
Can you explain Presentation layer in OSI model? 8
Is it compulsory that compression, encryption and translation functions will be used during communication? 9
Can you explain Session layer in OSI model? 10
What’s the concept of Simplex, Half Duplex and Full Duplex dialogs? 10
What are the different types of dialogs in Session layer? 10
Can you explain Transport layer in OSI model? 11
Can you explain the concept of Congestion? 11
Can you explain Application layer in OSI model? 13
Can you explain what an IP address is? 14
How to convert Decimal to Binary? 14
How many IP addresses can come in IPV4? 17
Can you explain the concept of Unicast IP address? 17
Can you explain the concept of IP multicasting or multicast IP address? 18
How many different types of subnet classful networks are present? 18
What are the IP address ranges for public and private IP address? 18
Why do we need class and how many different types of class exists? 18
How are the IP addresses distributed between different classes? 19
Can you explain what is classful IP addressing? 19
Can you explain the concept of subnetting? 20
What are the advantages of using subneting? 21
If the host has the subnet ID why do we need a subnet mask? 21
What is the advantage of using classless addressing over classful addressing scheme? 21
Can you explain the concept of CIDR? 21
Twist :- Can you explain superneting ? 21
Can you explain concept of custom subneting? 24
What is the implication of increasing and decreasing subnet Bits? 24
Why do we need to subtract two from number of hosts? 24
Can you explain the concept of VLSM? 25
Routers 27
Can you explain the concept of DPU, Segments, Datagram, Frame and packet? 28
What is IP datagram fragmentation and MTU? 29
Can you explain in detail with example how data fragmentation works? 29
Larger the IP datagram less the overhead, is it true or false? 30
What is the minimum size of MTU bytes? 31
Can you explain how optimal MTU size is calculated? 31
How does the IP message finally reassemble? 32
Can you explain the concept of Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Switches and Routers? 33
Can you explain the concept of Layer 3 switches? 34
what are CSU, DSU and TSU? 35
what are the basic components of the router? 35
Can you explain the WAN and LAN Interface in Routers? 36
What are DB-15, DB-60 and RJ-45 in CISCO routers? 37
Can you explain the concept of TTL? 37
What is the concept of ICMP packets? 37
Which operating system does CISCO have? 38
Can you explain the concept of NAT? 38
Can you explain how actually NAT works? 39
why does collision occur in HUBS and repeaters? 41
Can you explain the concept of Collision domain? 41
What is the concept of routing tables? 41
what is the use of route print? 42
Can you explain how in detail how routing table looks like? 42
How can you see route tables on the router? 44
Can you explain the concept of static and dynamic routing? 44
When to use Static routes and dynamic routes? 44
How do you configure static routes on a router? 45
Can you explain static default routes? 46
What is the advantage of using Static default routes? 47
Why do workstations have route tables? 47
What is the concept of gateway of last resort? 49
Can you explain the concept of routing protocol? 49
What activities does routing protocol perform? 49
What metrics are used by routing protocols to determine the best path? 50
Can you explain what is interior and exterior routing protocols? 50
Can you explain the concept of intradomain and interdomain routing protocols? 51
Can you explain the concept of internetwork and intranetwork routing protocols? 51
Which method does routing protocol use to determine shortest path? 51
What is distance vector routing protocol? 51
How do router share information in Distance Vector routing? 52
What is the main issue with routing by rumor? 52
Can you explain the count-to-infinity problem in distance vector? 53
How is metric or the cost calculated for Distance Vector routing protocol? 53
What is the main issue with hop count metric issue? 54
Can you explain how Link-State routing protocols work? 56
Can you explain the concept of broad cast and multi-cast? 56
Can you tell which protocols lie in Distance vector and which in Link-State? 57
What’s the difference between distance vector and link-state protocol? 58
Can you explain difference between Single path and Multipath? 58
Can you explain route summarization? 59
How are the series of IP combined in to one route path in route summarization? 60
Can you explain RIP protocol? 62
How is route table populated by RIP protocol? 63
Can you explain convergence in networks? 64
Can you explain RIP timers in detail? 65
Can you explain routing loop issue in RIP protocol? 65
How do we avoid routing loop issue in RIP? 66
In RIP why do we have HOP count of 15? 67
How do we disable auto-summarization in RIP? 67
Can you explain IGRP? 68
How does IGRP work? 68
How many timers does IGRP have? 68
How does IGRP calculate metric? 69
Can multiple instance of IGRP run on one physical router? 71
How is load balancing done in IGRP? 71
What’s the command to configure IGRP? 72
Can you explain EIGRP? 73
What does neighbor terminology mean in EIGRP? 73
What are different types of packets in EIGRP? 73
How does EIGRP protocol update route information to its neighbors? 74
What is the concept of successor in EIGRP? 74
What is DUAL in EIGRP? 74
Can you explain reported distance (RD), feasibility distance (FD) and Feasibility condition (FC)? 74
Can you explain the concept of successor and feasible successor? 75
Can you explain passive and active route states? 75
What is SIA or stuck in active? 75
How do packets and timers in EIGRP work? 75
What are the different tables used in EIGRP? 76
Can you explain EIGRP metrics? 77
Can you explain how EIGRP finds its successor and feasible successor? 77
Can you explain Active and Passive route? 78
Can you explain OSPF? 79
How does OSPF populate route table? 80
What are the different tables in OSPF? 81
Can you explain different areas in OSPF? 82
Can you explain different router types in OSPF? 83
Can you explain Designated Router and Backup designated router? 83
Can you explain different router states in OSPF? 83
Can you explain different OSPF packet types? 84
What are the different types of OSPF timers? 85
How SPF algorithm does the route determination? 86
Can you explain autonomous system? 89
What are different types of dynamic protocols? 89
Can you explain autonomous numbers in EGP? 89
What is BGP? 89
What is the concept of BGP speakers and Peers? 90
What is EBGP and IBGP? 90
What is RIB? 90
Can you explain the concept of BGP confederations? 91
What are BGP path attributes? 91
What is the concept of NLRI? 92
How are routing neighbors discovered in BGP? 92
Can you explain how BGP does the decision process? 92
What is the concept of redistribution? 93
Can you explain the concept of one way redistribution and mutual distribution? 94
How does metric translation takes place in redistributing routes? 94
Can you explain the difference between Base band and Broad Band? 96
Firewall 113
Can you define what a FIREWALL is? 113
What are the different types of firewalls? 114
Can you explain packet filtering firewall? 118
Can you explain circuit level gateway? 118
Can you explain stateful inspection? 118
What is Application Gateway? 118
Is NAT a firewall? 118
Are personal firewall actually firewalls? 118
Can you explain the concept of demilitarized zone? 119
What is the meaning of bastion host? 119
Can you explain the concept of Interlayer and multilayer approach? 6
What is a protocol stack or protocol suite? 6
Can you explain the concept of OSI layer? 6
Can you explain the different layers in OSI model? 7
Can you explain Application layer in OSI model? 8
Can you explain Presentation layer in OSI model? 8
Is it compulsory that compression, encryption and translation functions will be used during communication? 9
Can you explain Session layer in OSI model? 10
What’s the concept of Simplex, Half Duplex and Full Duplex dialogs? 10
What are the different types of dialogs in Session layer? 10
Can you explain Transport layer in OSI model? 11
Can you explain the concept of Congestion? 11
Can you explain Application layer in OSI model? 13
Can you explain what an IP address is? 14
How to convert Decimal to Binary? 14
How many IP addresses can come in IPV4? 17
Can you explain the concept of Unicast IP address? 17
Can you explain the concept of IP multicasting or multicast IP address? 18
How many different types of subnet classful networks are present? 18
What are the IP address ranges for public and private IP address? 18
Why do we need class and how many different types of class exists? 18
How are the IP addresses distributed between different classes? 19
Can you explain what is classful IP addressing? 19
Can you explain the concept of subnetting? 20
What are the advantages of using subneting? 21
If the host has the subnet ID why do we need a subnet mask? 21
What is the advantage of using classless addressing over classful addressing scheme? 21
Can you explain the concept of CIDR? 21
Twist :- Can you explain superneting ? 21
Can you explain concept of custom subneting? 24
What is the implication of increasing and decreasing subnet Bits? 24
Why do we need to subtract two from number of hosts? 24
Can you explain the concept of VLSM? 25
Routers 27
Can you explain the concept of DPU, Segments, Datagram, Frame and packet? 28
What is IP datagram fragmentation and MTU? 29
Can you explain in detail with example how data fragmentation works? 29
Larger the IP datagram less the overhead, is it true or false? 30
What is the minimum size of MTU bytes? 31
Can you explain how optimal MTU size is calculated? 31
How does the IP message finally reassemble? 32
Can you explain the concept of Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Switches and Routers? 33
Can you explain the concept of Layer 3 switches? 34
what are CSU, DSU and TSU? 35
what are the basic components of the router? 35
Can you explain the WAN and LAN Interface in Routers? 36
What are DB-15, DB-60 and RJ-45 in CISCO routers? 37
Can you explain the concept of TTL? 37
What is the concept of ICMP packets? 37
Which operating system does CISCO have? 38
Can you explain the concept of NAT? 38
Can you explain how actually NAT works? 39
why does collision occur in HUBS and repeaters? 41
Can you explain the concept of Collision domain? 41
What is the concept of routing tables? 41
what is the use of route print? 42
Can you explain how in detail how routing table looks like? 42
How can you see route tables on the router? 44
Can you explain the concept of static and dynamic routing? 44
When to use Static routes and dynamic routes? 44
How do you configure static routes on a router? 45
Can you explain static default routes? 46
What is the advantage of using Static default routes? 47
Why do workstations have route tables? 47
What is the concept of gateway of last resort? 49
Can you explain the concept of routing protocol? 49
What activities does routing protocol perform? 49
What metrics are used by routing protocols to determine the best path? 50
Can you explain what is interior and exterior routing protocols? 50
Can you explain the concept of intradomain and interdomain routing protocols? 51
Can you explain the concept of internetwork and intranetwork routing protocols? 51
Which method does routing protocol use to determine shortest path? 51
What is distance vector routing protocol? 51
How do router share information in Distance Vector routing? 52
What is the main issue with routing by rumor? 52
Can you explain the count-to-infinity problem in distance vector? 53
How is metric or the cost calculated for Distance Vector routing protocol? 53
What is the main issue with hop count metric issue? 54
Can you explain how Link-State routing protocols work? 56
Can you explain the concept of broad cast and multi-cast? 56
Can you tell which protocols lie in Distance vector and which in Link-State? 57
What’s the difference between distance vector and link-state protocol? 58
Can you explain difference between Single path and Multipath? 58
Can you explain route summarization? 59
How are the series of IP combined in to one route path in route summarization? 60
Can you explain RIP protocol? 62
How is route table populated by RIP protocol? 63
Can you explain convergence in networks? 64
Can you explain RIP timers in detail? 65
Can you explain routing loop issue in RIP protocol? 65
How do we avoid routing loop issue in RIP? 66
In RIP why do we have HOP count of 15? 67
How do we disable auto-summarization in RIP? 67
Can you explain IGRP? 68
How does IGRP work? 68
How many timers does IGRP have? 68
How does IGRP calculate metric? 69
Can multiple instance of IGRP run on one physical router? 71
How is load balancing done in IGRP? 71
What’s the command to configure IGRP? 72
Can you explain EIGRP? 73
What does neighbor terminology mean in EIGRP? 73
What are different types of packets in EIGRP? 73
How does EIGRP protocol update route information to its neighbors? 74
What is the concept of successor in EIGRP? 74
What is DUAL in EIGRP? 74
Can you explain reported distance (RD), feasibility distance (FD) and Feasibility condition (FC)? 74
Can you explain the concept of successor and feasible successor? 75
Can you explain passive and active route states? 75
What is SIA or stuck in active? 75
How do packets and timers in EIGRP work? 75
What are the different tables used in EIGRP? 76
Can you explain EIGRP metrics? 77
Can you explain how EIGRP finds its successor and feasible successor? 77
Can you explain Active and Passive route? 78
Can you explain OSPF? 79
How does OSPF populate route table? 80
What are the different tables in OSPF? 81
Can you explain different areas in OSPF? 82
Can you explain different router types in OSPF? 83
Can you explain Designated Router and Backup designated router? 83
Can you explain different router states in OSPF? 83
Can you explain different OSPF packet types? 84
What are the different types of OSPF timers? 85
How SPF algorithm does the route determination? 86
Can you explain autonomous system? 89
What are different types of dynamic protocols? 89
Can you explain autonomous numbers in EGP? 89
What is BGP? 89
What is the concept of BGP speakers and Peers? 90
What is EBGP and IBGP? 90
What is RIB? 90
Can you explain the concept of BGP confederations? 91
What are BGP path attributes? 91
What is the concept of NLRI? 92
How are routing neighbors discovered in BGP? 92
Can you explain how BGP does the decision process? 92
What is the concept of redistribution? 93
Can you explain the concept of one way redistribution and mutual distribution? 94
How does metric translation takes place in redistributing routes? 94
Can you explain the difference between Base band and Broad Band? 96
Firewall 113
Can you define what a FIREWALL is? 113
What are the different types of firewalls? 114
Can you explain packet filtering firewall? 118
Can you explain circuit level gateway? 118
Can you explain stateful inspection? 118
What is Application Gateway? 118
Is NAT a firewall? 118
Are personal firewall actually firewalls? 118
Can you explain the concept of demilitarized zone? 119
What is the meaning of bastion host? 119
Project Management Interview Questions
Project Management Interview Questions
Basics
Define project?
Who is a stakeholder?
Can you explain Scope triangle?
Can you explain what’s a vision and a goal?
What is ROI?
Can you explain project life cycle?
You have people in your team who do not meet there deadlines or do not perform what are the actions you will take?
Are risk constant through out the project?
Explain SDLC (Software development Life Cycle) in detail?
Can you explain waterfall model?
Can you explain big-bang waterfall model?
Can you explain phased waterfall model?
Explain Iterative model, Incremental model, Spiral model, Evolutionary model and V-Model?
Explain Unit testing, Integration tests, System testing and Acceptance testing?
what’s the difference between system and acceptance testing?
Which is the best model?
What is CAR (Causal Analysis and Resolution)?
What is DAR (Decision Analysis and Resolution)?
Can you explain the concept of baseline in software development?
What is the software you have used for project management?
What does a project plan consist?
When do you say the project has finished?
Can you explain what a PMO office is?
How many members in your team you have handled?
Is GANTT chart a project plan?
Two resources are having issues how do you handle the same?
What is a change request?
How did you manage change request in your project?
Can you explain traceability matrix?
what is configuration management?
What is CI?
Define stakeholders?
Can you explain versioning?
Can you explain the concept of sign off?
How will you start a project?
what is an MOU?
What where the deliverables in your project?
Can you explain your project?
Do you also participate in technical activities?
How did you manage code reviews?
you have team member who does not meets his deadlines how do you handle it?
did you have project audits if yes how was it handled?
What is a non-conformance report (NCR)?
How did you estimate your project?
How did you motivate your team members?
did you create leaders in your team if yes how?
how did you confirm that your modules are resource independent?
Was your project show cased for CMMI or any other project process standardization?
what are the functions of the Quality Assurance Group (QAG)?
Can you explain milestone?
How did you do assessment of team members?
What does entry and exit criteria mean in a project?
Risk Management
Define risk?
What is risk break down structure?
How did you plan your risk?
what is DR, BCP and contingency planning?
Schedule Management
Can you explain WBS?
Can you explain WBS numbering?
How did you do resource allocation?
Can you explain the use of WBS?
Can you explain network diagram?
What are the different types of network diagram?
What is the advantage of using network diagrams?
Can you explain Arrow diagram and Precendence diagram?
What are the different types of Network diagrams?
Can you explain Critical path?
Can you define EST, LST, EFT, LFT?
Can you explain Float and Slack?
Can you explain PERT?
Can you explain GANTT chart?
What is the disadvantage of GANTT chart?
What is Monte-Carlo simulation?
Costing
Can you explain PV, AC and EV?
Can you explain BCWS, ACWS and BCWP?
What are the derived metrics from Earned Value?
Can you explain earned value with a sample?
Estimation, Metrics and Measure
What is meant by measure and metrics?
Which metrics have you used for tracking purpose?
What are the various common ways of estimation?
Can you explain LOC method of estimation?
How do we convert LOC in to effort?
Can you explain COCOMO?
Can you explain Intermediate COCOMO and COCOMO II?
How do you estimate using LOC?
Can you explain in brief Function points?
Can you explain the concept Application boundary?
Can you explain the concept of elementary process?
Can you explain the concept of static and dynamic elementary process?
Can you explain concept of FTR, ILF, EIF, EI, EO , EQ and GSC ?
How can you estimate number of acceptance test cases in a project?
Can you explain the concept of Use Case’s?
Can you explain the concept of Use case points?
What is a use case transaction?
How do we estimate using Use Case Points?
Can you explain on what basis does TPA actually work?
How did you do estimation for black box testing?
How did you estimate white box testing?
Is there a way to estimate acceptance test cases in a system?
Can you explain Number of defects measure?
Can you explain number of production defects measure?
Can you explain defect seeding?
Can you explain DRE?
Can you explain Unit and system test DRE?
How do you measure test effectiveness?
Can you explain Defect age and Defect spoilage?
Software process
What is a Software process?
what are the different cost element involved in implementing process in an organization?
What is a model?
What is maturity level?
Can you explain the concept of process area in CMMI?
Can you explain the concept of tailoring?
CMMI
What is CMMI?
what’s the difference between implementation and Institutionalization?
what are different models in CMMI?
Can you explain staged and continuous models in CMMI?
Can you explain the different maturity levels in staged representation?
Can you explain capability levels in continuous representation?
which model should we use and under what scenarios?
How many process areas are present in CMMI and in what classification do they fall in?
What the difference between every level in CMMI?
what different sources are needed to verify authenticity for CMMI implementation?
Can you explain SCAMPI process?
How is appraisal done in CMMI?
which appraisal method class is the best?
Can you explain the importance of PII in SCAMPI?
Can you explain implementation of CMMI in one of the Key process areas?
Explanation of all process areas with goals and practices?
Can you explain the process areas?
Six Sigma
What is six sigma?
Can you explain the different methodology for execution and design process in SIX sigma?
What does executive leaders, champions, Master Black belt, green belts and black belts mean?
What are the different kinds of variations used in six sigma?
Can you explain the concept of standard deviation?
Can you explain the concept of fish bone/ Ishikawa diagram?
What is Pareto principle?
Can you explain QFD?
Can you explain FMEA?
Can you explain X bar charts?
Can you explain Flow charting and brain storming?
Agile Development
What does Agile mean?
Can you explain Agile modelling?
What are core and supplementary principles in Agile modeling?
What is the main principle behind Agile documentation?
What are the different methodologies to implement Agile?
What is XP?
What are User Stories in XP and how different are they from requirement?
Who writes User stories?
When do we say a story is valid?
When are test plans written in XP?
Can you explain the XP development life cycle?
Can you explain how planning game works in Extreme Programming?
How do we estimate in Agile?
On What basis can stories be prioritized?
Can you point out simple differences between Agile and traditional SDLC?
Can you explain the concept of refactoring?
What is a feature in Feature Driven Development?
Can you explain the overall structure of FDD project?
Can you explain the concept of time boxing?
When to choose FDD and when to choose XP?
What is SCRUM?
What does product owner, product back log and sprint mean in SCRUM?
Can you explain how SCRUM flows?
Can you explain different roles in SCRUM?
Can you explain DSDM?
Can you explain different phases in DSDM?
Can you explain in detail project life cycle phase in DSDM?
Can you explain LSD?
Can you explain ASD?
Basics
Define project?
Who is a stakeholder?
Can you explain Scope triangle?
Can you explain what’s a vision and a goal?
What is ROI?
Can you explain project life cycle?
You have people in your team who do not meet there deadlines or do not perform what are the actions you will take?
Are risk constant through out the project?
Explain SDLC (Software development Life Cycle) in detail?
Can you explain waterfall model?
Can you explain big-bang waterfall model?
Can you explain phased waterfall model?
Explain Iterative model, Incremental model, Spiral model, Evolutionary model and V-Model?
Explain Unit testing, Integration tests, System testing and Acceptance testing?
what’s the difference between system and acceptance testing?
Which is the best model?
What is CAR (Causal Analysis and Resolution)?
What is DAR (Decision Analysis and Resolution)?
Can you explain the concept of baseline in software development?
What is the software you have used for project management?
What does a project plan consist?
When do you say the project has finished?
Can you explain what a PMO office is?
How many members in your team you have handled?
Is GANTT chart a project plan?
Two resources are having issues how do you handle the same?
What is a change request?
How did you manage change request in your project?
Can you explain traceability matrix?
what is configuration management?
What is CI?
Define stakeholders?
Can you explain versioning?
Can you explain the concept of sign off?
How will you start a project?
what is an MOU?
What where the deliverables in your project?
Can you explain your project?
Do you also participate in technical activities?
How did you manage code reviews?
you have team member who does not meets his deadlines how do you handle it?
did you have project audits if yes how was it handled?
What is a non-conformance report (NCR)?
How did you estimate your project?
How did you motivate your team members?
did you create leaders in your team if yes how?
how did you confirm that your modules are resource independent?
Was your project show cased for CMMI or any other project process standardization?
what are the functions of the Quality Assurance Group (QAG)?
Can you explain milestone?
How did you do assessment of team members?
What does entry and exit criteria mean in a project?
Risk Management
Define risk?
What is risk break down structure?
How did you plan your risk?
what is DR, BCP and contingency planning?
Schedule Management
Can you explain WBS?
Can you explain WBS numbering?
How did you do resource allocation?
Can you explain the use of WBS?
Can you explain network diagram?
What are the different types of network diagram?
What is the advantage of using network diagrams?
Can you explain Arrow diagram and Precendence diagram?
What are the different types of Network diagrams?
Can you explain Critical path?
Can you define EST, LST, EFT, LFT?
Can you explain Float and Slack?
Can you explain PERT?
Can you explain GANTT chart?
What is the disadvantage of GANTT chart?
What is Monte-Carlo simulation?
Costing
Can you explain PV, AC and EV?
Can you explain BCWS, ACWS and BCWP?
What are the derived metrics from Earned Value?
Can you explain earned value with a sample?
Estimation, Metrics and Measure
What is meant by measure and metrics?
Which metrics have you used for tracking purpose?
What are the various common ways of estimation?
Can you explain LOC method of estimation?
How do we convert LOC in to effort?
Can you explain COCOMO?
Can you explain Intermediate COCOMO and COCOMO II?
How do you estimate using LOC?
Can you explain in brief Function points?
Can you explain the concept Application boundary?
Can you explain the concept of elementary process?
Can you explain the concept of static and dynamic elementary process?
Can you explain concept of FTR, ILF, EIF, EI, EO , EQ and GSC ?
How can you estimate number of acceptance test cases in a project?
Can you explain the concept of Use Case’s?
Can you explain the concept of Use case points?
What is a use case transaction?
How do we estimate using Use Case Points?
Can you explain on what basis does TPA actually work?
How did you do estimation for black box testing?
How did you estimate white box testing?
Is there a way to estimate acceptance test cases in a system?
Can you explain Number of defects measure?
Can you explain number of production defects measure?
Can you explain defect seeding?
Can you explain DRE?
Can you explain Unit and system test DRE?
How do you measure test effectiveness?
Can you explain Defect age and Defect spoilage?
Software process
What is a Software process?
what are the different cost element involved in implementing process in an organization?
What is a model?
What is maturity level?
Can you explain the concept of process area in CMMI?
Can you explain the concept of tailoring?
CMMI
What is CMMI?
what’s the difference between implementation and Institutionalization?
what are different models in CMMI?
Can you explain staged and continuous models in CMMI?
Can you explain the different maturity levels in staged representation?
Can you explain capability levels in continuous representation?
which model should we use and under what scenarios?
How many process areas are present in CMMI and in what classification do they fall in?
What the difference between every level in CMMI?
what different sources are needed to verify authenticity for CMMI implementation?
Can you explain SCAMPI process?
How is appraisal done in CMMI?
which appraisal method class is the best?
Can you explain the importance of PII in SCAMPI?
Can you explain implementation of CMMI in one of the Key process areas?
Explanation of all process areas with goals and practices?
Can you explain the process areas?
Six Sigma
What is six sigma?
Can you explain the different methodology for execution and design process in SIX sigma?
What does executive leaders, champions, Master Black belt, green belts and black belts mean?
What are the different kinds of variations used in six sigma?
Can you explain the concept of standard deviation?
Can you explain the concept of fish bone/ Ishikawa diagram?
What is Pareto principle?
Can you explain QFD?
Can you explain FMEA?
Can you explain X bar charts?
Can you explain Flow charting and brain storming?
Agile Development
What does Agile mean?
Can you explain Agile modelling?
What are core and supplementary principles in Agile modeling?
What is the main principle behind Agile documentation?
What are the different methodologies to implement Agile?
What is XP?
What are User Stories in XP and how different are they from requirement?
Who writes User stories?
When do we say a story is valid?
When are test plans written in XP?
Can you explain the XP development life cycle?
Can you explain how planning game works in Extreme Programming?
How do we estimate in Agile?
On What basis can stories be prioritized?
Can you point out simple differences between Agile and traditional SDLC?
Can you explain the concept of refactoring?
What is a feature in Feature Driven Development?
Can you explain the overall structure of FDD project?
Can you explain the concept of time boxing?
When to choose FDD and when to choose XP?
What is SCRUM?
What does product owner, product back log and sprint mean in SCRUM?
Can you explain how SCRUM flows?
Can you explain different roles in SCRUM?
Can you explain DSDM?
Can you explain different phases in DSDM?
Can you explain in detail project life cycle phase in DSDM?
Can you explain LSD?
Can you explain ASD?
Cisco Documentation DVD August 2006
Contents:
Introduction
Application Networking Services
Broadband Cable
Cisco Interfaces and Modules
Cisco IOS Software
Cisco IOS XR Software
Interoperability Systems
Network Management
Optical Networking
Routers
Security and VPN
Server Networking and Virtualization
Service Exchange
Storage Networking
Switches
Universal Gateways and Access Servers
Video
Voice and Unified Communications
Wireless
Obtaining Documentation
Cisco.com
Product Documentation DVD
Ordering Documentation
Documentation Feedback
Cisco Product Security Overview
Reporting Security Problems in Cisco Products
Product Alerts and Field Notices
Obtaining Technical Assistance
Cisco Support Website
Submitting a Service Request
Definitions of Service Request Severity
Obtaining Additional Publications and Information.
Download:
rapidshare.com/files/44690232/CDA2oo6.part01.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44694727/CDA2oo6.part02.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44698985/CDA2oo6.part03.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44703268/CDA2oo6.part04.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44707684/CDA2oo6.part05.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44713002/CDA2oo6.part06.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44718169/CDA2oo6.part07.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44723396/CDA2oo6.part08.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44728619/CDA2oo6.part09.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44733670/CDA2oo6.part10.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44739198/CDA2oo6.part11.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44745412/CDA2oo6.part12.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44751095/CDA2oo6.part13.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44757027/CDA2oo6.part14.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44763584/CDA2oo6.part15.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44770281/CDA2oo6.part16.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44800957/CDA2oo6.part17.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44834766/CDA2oo6.part18.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44839752/CDA2oo6.part19.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44843445/CDA2oo6.part20.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44846564/CDA2oo6.part21.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44849501/CDA2oo6.part22.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44853139/CDA2oo6.part23.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44855986/CDA2oo6.part24.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44859021/CDA2oo6.part25.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44861520/CDA2oo6.part26.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44864078/CDA2oo6.part27.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44866551/CDA2oo6.part28.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44868790/CDA2oo6.part29.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44870978/CDA2oo6.part30.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44873329/CDA2oo6.part31.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44875509/CDA2oo6.part32.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44878009/CDA2oo6.part33.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44880058/CDA2oo6.part34.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44882115/CDA2oo6.part35.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44888252/CDA2oo6.part36.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44892008/CDA2oo6.part37.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44896122/CDA2oo6.part38.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44900776/CDA2oo6.part39.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44905505/CDA2oo6.part40.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44919647/CDA2oo6.part41.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44925072/CDA2oo6.part42.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44931489/CDA2oo6.part43.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44938136/CDA2oo6.part44.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44943850/CDA2oo6.part45.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44949926/CDA2oo6.part46.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44963965/CDA2oo6.part47.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44970869/CDA2oo6.part48.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44977799/CDA2oo6.part49.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44983863/CDA2oo6.part50.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44989621/CDA2oo6.part51.rar
rapidshare.com/files/44994970/CDA2oo6.part52.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45000231/CDA2oo6.part53.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45006164/CDA2oo6.part54.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45012088/CDA2oo6.part55.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45018360/CDA2oo6.part56.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45024408/CDA2oo6.part57.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45030617/CDA2oo6.part58.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45036251/CDA2oo6.part59.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45041563/CDA2oo6.part60.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45046560/CDA2oo6.part61.rar
rapidshare.com/files/45049535/CDA2oo6.part62.rar
Career Academy SQL Server 2005
Schedule our instructor led classroom training at your convenience and never miss another lecture or fall behind. You are in complete control. We invited the best SQL Trainers in the industry to help us develop the ultimate training & certification program.
This is the only SQL Server 2005 package you will need. Its diverse courses will satisfy the needs of anyone wishing to take there SQLl Server 2005 skills to the next level. This package includes the insights of Mark Russell, and provides specially proven ideologies that allow you to learn all aspects of the SQL Server 2005 Environment. This course uses a combination of instructor lectures, computer demonstrations and interactive hands-on lab simulations to illustrate the Best Practices and mastery of Microsoft SQL Server 2005.
Download:
rapidshare.com/files/35848701/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part01.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35850805/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part02.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35852760/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part03.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35854531/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part04.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35856147/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part05.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35857945/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part06.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35859537/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part07.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35861072/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part08.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35862764/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part09.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35864278/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part10.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35865838/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part11.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35867161/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part12.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35868706/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part13.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35870332/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part14.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35871970/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part15.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35873597/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part16.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35875244/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part17.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35876826/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part18.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35878222/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part19.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35879463/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part20.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35880759/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part21.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35882000/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part22.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35883185/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part23.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35884351/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part24.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35885629/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part25.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35887032/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part26.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35888456/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part27.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35892402/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part28.rar
rapidshare.com/files/35846454/Career_Academy_SQL_Server_2005.part29.rar
CBT Nuggets Network+ Series
Contains training for the CompTIA 2005 Network+ (Network plus) exam
Includes 30 Videos
Once you’ve obtained A+ certification to show you know computer basics, the natural progression in the IT career path is to learn networking and certify your knowledge with Network+. This makes current and future employers confident that you can be an integral part of developing and maintaining their business computer network. An individual certified as a Network+ technician has proven him or herself to be fundamentally competent; has proven a solid base of knowledge and expertise in networking technologies.
The 2005 Network+ Series builds on the quality instruction delivered in the A+ certification series. It covers all the networking knowledge crucial to Network+ certification standards, including the 2005 update to the Network+ certification exams. CompTIA designed this updated exam to ensure that you have the real world ability to work in the networking environments in use today and planned for tomorrow. Some of these important updates include wireless networking, gigabit Ethernet, and improved security practices.
The training is very good. You’ll be amazed at the amount of information presented in this series. True to the CBT Nuggets concept, nothing is taken for granted. The series starts very basic but then progresses through intermediate and advanced networking concepts to give you a full spectrum of networking knowledge.
The CBT Nuggets 2005 Network+ Series is thorough and comprehensive. Watching these videos is very similar to attending classroom instruction. You’ll get a combination of theory and practical instruction as you progress through the lessons. The innovative approach used by CBT Nuggets provides hands-on experience through the eyes of the instructor. To experience this approach, check out our free videos section to view videos from the Network+ series for free.
The 2005 Network+ Series contains the videos listed below:
- Network Topologies (Part 1)
- Network Topologies (Part 2)
- Media Connectors and Cabling
- Network Devices and Components (Part 1)
- Network Devices and Components (Part 2)
- OSI (Open Systems Interconnect) Model
- Media Access Control
- IP Addressing
- Network Layer Protocols
- TCP/IP Suite of Protocols and Services
- TCP/UDP Protocols and Services
- Additional Network Protocols and Services
- WAN Technologies
- Wireless Technologies
- Internet Access Technologies
- Remote Access Protocols and Services
- Server Remote Connectivity Configuration
- Security Protocols
- Authentication Protocols
- Network Operating Systems
- Client Workstation Connectivity
- Firewalls and Proxy Services
- VLAN’s
- Intranets and Extranets
- Antivirus Protection
- Fault Tolerance and Disaster Recovery
- Troubleshooting Strategies
- Troubleshooting Utilities
- Physical Network Troubleshooting
- Shooting Trouble in Client/Server Environments
Download:
http://rapidshare.com/files/10885908/f-cncntf.r00
http://rapidshare.com/files/10885957/f-cncntf.r01
http://rapidshare.com/files/10887132/f-cncntf.r02
http://rapidshare.com/files/10887378/f-cncntf.r03
http://rapidshare.com/files/10889312/f-cncntf.r04
http://rapidshare.com/files/10889313/f-cncntf.r05
http://rapidshare.com/files/10891692/f-cncntf.r06
http://rapidshare.com/files/10891665/f-cncntf.r07
http://rapidshare.com/files/10894570/f-cncntf.r08
http://rapidshare.com/files/10894585/f-cncntf.r09
http://rapidshare.com/files/10896750/f-cncntf.r10
http://rapidshare.com/files/10896769/f-cncntf.r11
http://rapidshare.com/files/10898313/f-cncntf.r12
http://rapidshare.com/files/10899358/f-cncntf.r13
http://rapidshare.com/files/10901331/f-cncntf.r14
http://rapidshare.com/files/10901316/f-cncntf.r15
http://rapidshare.com/files/10905029/f-cncntf.r16
http://rapidshare.com/files/10905017/f-cncntf.r17
http://rapidshare.com/files/11171509/f-cncntf.r18
http://rapidshare.com/files/10910398/f-cncntf.r19
http://rapidshare.com/files/10910399/f-cncntf.r20
http://rapidshare.com/files/10914485/f-cncntf.r21
http://rapidshare.com/files/11009235/f-cncntf.r22
http://rapidshare.com/files/11009232/f-cncntf.r23
http://rapidshare.com/files/11010709/f-cncntf.r24
http://rapidshare.com/files/11010710/f-cncntf.r25
http://rapidshare.com/files/11013757/f-cncntf.r26
http://rapidshare.com/files/11012433/f-cncntf.r27
http://rapidshare.com/files/11014455/f-cncntf.rar
SAN Basics from NetApp CBT
Course Description:
SAN Administration Basics is an instructor-led course designed for those who provide support and administration for FC and IP SAN environments running the Data ONTAP® operating system. This course is delivered using Windows® and SUN® hosts. The course covers SAN infrastructure preparation, storage provisioning options, creation and management of LUNs and volumes, multipathing and high availability, Fibre Channel cf modes, and troubleshooting techniques.
Course Information:
Course Length: 3 days
Training Units: 30
Cost per Student:
North America: $2,250 (USD)
For more info:
www.netapp.com/education/courses/crs-desc-ontap-san-72.shtml
Prerequisites:
Introduction to NetApp Products
Data ONTAP Fundamentals or equivalent experience
Course Objectives:
Define the characteristics of a SAN environment and how LUNs relate to the storage system
Describe the components of FC and IP SANs
Describe size planning requirements for LUNs
Create and manage LUNs on a storage controller for both Windows and UNIX hosts
Explain FC and IP SAN multipathing options for Windows and UNIX operating systems
Explain how to troubleshoot common SAN issues
Download:
rapidshare.com/files/6997445/NetApp.rar
SAN Administration Basics is an instructor-led course designed for those who provide support and administration for FC and IP SAN environments running the Data ONTAP® operating system. This course is delivered using Windows® and SUN® hosts. The course covers SAN infrastructure preparation, storage provisioning options, creation and management of LUNs and volumes, multipathing and high availability, Fibre Channel cf modes, and troubleshooting techniques.
Course Information:
Course Length: 3 days
Training Units: 30
Cost per Student:
North America: $2,250 (USD)
For more info:
www.netapp.com/education/courses/crs-desc-ontap-san-72.shtml
Prerequisites:
Introduction to NetApp Products
Data ONTAP Fundamentals or equivalent experience
Course Objectives:
Define the characteristics of a SAN environment and how LUNs relate to the storage system
Describe the components of FC and IP SANs
Describe size planning requirements for LUNs
Create and manage LUNs on a storage controller for both Windows and UNIX hosts
Explain FC and IP SAN multipathing options for Windows and UNIX operating systems
Explain how to troubleshoot common SAN issues
Download:
rapidshare.com/files/6997445/NetApp.rar
Emc, Veritas Storage Cbts
EMC Storage Host Integeration (3 CDs)
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=JAOZXOSH
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=619LC43W
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=5U7GGJG0
Veritas Netbackup
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=1J5KIQ4P
Shell Scripting Tutorial
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=PLSGL6V8
Google Tutorial
www.megaupload.com/?d=EEW0L85I
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=JAOZXOSH
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=619LC43W
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=5U7GGJG0
Veritas Netbackup
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=1J5KIQ4P
Shell Scripting Tutorial
hxxp://www.megaupload.com/?d=PLSGL6V8
Google Tutorial
www.megaupload.com/?d=EEW0L85I
Thursday, December 20, 2007
VMware ESX Server 3.0 - VI3 CBT
Server consolidation, efficient and fast disaster recovery, cost savings, high availability and fast virtual server deployments are just some of the things you can accomplish with VMware ESX Server 3.0. ESX Server is the most powerful virtualization software on the market today and in this training CBT, Eli Khnaser will guide you through the planning, deployment and administration of your virtual infrastructure.
VMware is one of the fastest growing companies today and its virtualization software is the hottest technology in the computer world today, so if you are trying to advance your career and need the next hot thing, ESX Server is that technology that will give you the edge you need to get ahead. For those of you that are seeking certification, you are still required to attend the VMware class as that is a mandatory step in achieving your certification. You can use our CBT to reinforce what you learned.
If you are trying to learn VMware ESX Server 3.0 because of a job requirement, this CBT gives you practical, hands on training from someone who does it on a day to day basis and has implemented some large ESX deployments.
The CBT contains 10 videos as follows:
Lesson 1: Introduction to Virtualization & ESX Server 3.0
Lesson 2: Installing & Configuring ESX Server 3.0
Lesson 3: Virtual Networking Concepts
Lesson 4: Storage Concepts
Lesson 5: Installation & Administration with Virtual Center
Lesson 6: VM Creation, Gold Builds and Clones
Lesson 7: Resource Management
Lesson 8: VM Access Control
Lesson 9: Disaster Recovery & Backup
Lesson 10: Monitoring
VMware, ESX Server, VMotion, Virtual Center are registered trademarks of VMware, Inc. All other marks and names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners
Links:
http://rapidshare.com/files/61340136/h-esx3cbt.part01.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/61345067/h-esx3cbt.part02.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/61349947/h-esx3cbt.part03.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/61355600/h-esx3cbt.part04.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/61361085/h-esx3cbt.part05.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/61366892/h-esx3cbt.part06.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/61372815/h-esx3cbt.part07.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/61377804/h-esx3cbt.part08.rar
SharePoint Server 2007 Training Videos
cd-1
http://rapidshare.com/files/71695259/tssp1.part1.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/71695210/tssp1.part2.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/71694539/tssp1.part3.rar
cd-2
http://rapidshare.com/files/71695228/tssp2.part1.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/71695185/tssp2.part2.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/71695222/tssp2.part3.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/71694547/tssp2.part4.rar
Password: tra1n$1gn@l
Train Signal - Cisco 642-845 ONT - CCNP Training
http://rapidshare.com/files/71695080/Train.Signal.Cisco.CCNP.ONT.part1.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/71695201/Train.Signal.Cisco.CCNP.ONT.part2.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/71694860/Train.Signal.Cisco.CCNP.ONT.part3.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/71694518/Train.Signal.Cisco.CCNP.ONT.part4.rar
password-----epaloids
Monday, December 17, 2007
The PrepLogic 15-Minute Complete IT Study Guide
Clear and Concise Directives
"Must Know" Terms & Subjects
Essential Procedures
Overlooked Topics
No Fluff, Easy Navigation
and Much More...
70-270
http://rapidshare.com/files/49343724/70-270_15_Min.rar
70-290
http://rapidshare.com/files/49343725/70-290_15_Min.rar
70-291
http://rapidshare.com/files/49343726/70-291_15_Min.rar
70-293
http://rapidshare.com/files/49343727/70-293_15_Min.rar
Pass: electronicsouls
"Must Know" Terms & Subjects
Essential Procedures
Overlooked Topics
No Fluff, Easy Navigation
and Much More...
70-270
http://rapidshare.com/files/49343724/70-270_15_Min.rar
70-290
http://rapidshare.com/files/49343725/70-290_15_Min.rar
70-291
http://rapidshare.com/files/49343726/70-291_15_Min.rar
70-293
http://rapidshare.com/files/49343727/70-293_15_Min.rar
Pass: electronicsouls
[boot.ini] ... In Depth
Note: to see what options I system has booted with examine HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\SystemStartOptions.
/3GB
Increases the size of the user process address space from 2 GB to 3 GB (and therefore reduces the size of system space from 2 GB to 1 GB). Giving virtual-memory- intensive applications such as database servers a larger address space can improve their performance. For an application to take advantage of this feature, however, two additional conditions must be met: the system must be running Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows NT 4 Enterprise Edition, Windows 2000 Advanced Server or Datacenter Server and the application .exe must be flagged as a 3-GB-aware application. Applies to 32-bit systems only.
/BASEVIDEO
Causes Windows to use the standard VGA display driver for GUI-mode operations.
/BAUDRATE=
Enables kernel-mode debugging and specifies an override for the default baud rate (19200) at which a remote kernel debugger host will connect. Example: /BAUDRATE=115200.
/BOOTLOG
Causes Windows to write a log of the boot to the file %SystemRoot%\Ntbtlog.txt.
/BOOTLOGO
Use this switch to have Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 display an installable splash screen instead of the standard splash screen. First, create a 16-color (any 16 colors) 640x480 bitmap and save it in the Windows directory with the name Boot.bmp. Then add "/bootlogo /noguiboot" to the boot.ini selection.
/BREAK
Causes the hardware abstraction layer (HAL) to stop at a breakpoint at HAL initialization. The first thing the Windows kernel does when it initializes is to initialize the HAL, so this breakpoint is the earliest one possible. The HAL will wait indefinitely at the breakpoint until a kernel-debugger connection is made. If the switch is used without the /DEBUG switch, the system will Blue Screen with a STOP code of 0x00000078 (PHASE0_ EXCEPTION).
/BURNMEMORY=
Specifies an amount of memory Windows can't use (similar to the /MAXMEM switch). The value is specified in megabytes. Example: /BURNMEMORY=128 would indicate that Windows can't use 128 MB of the total physical memory on the machine.
/CHANNEL=
Used on conjunction with /DEBUGPORT=1394 to specify the IEEE 1394 channel through which kernel debugging communications will flow. This can be any number between 0 and 62 and defaults to 0 if not set.
/CLKLVL
Causes the standard x86 multiprocessor HAL (Halmps.dll) to configure itself for a level-sensitive system clock rather then an edge-triggered clock. Level-sensitive and edge-triggered are terms used to describe hardware interrupt types.
/CMDCONS
Passed when booting with into the Recovery Console (described later in this chapter).
/CRASHDEBUG
Causes the kernel debugger to be loaded when the system boots, but to remain inactive unless a crash occurs. This allows the serial port that the kernel debugger would use to be available for use by the system until the system crashes (vs. /DEBUG, which causes the kernel debugger to use the serial port for the life of the system session).
/DEBUG
Enables kernel-mode debugging.
/DEBUGPORT=
Enables kernel-mode debugging and specifies an override for the default serial (usually COM2 on systems with at least two serial ports) to which a remote kernel-debugger host is connected. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 also support debugging through accept IEEE 1394 ports. Examples: /DEBUGPORT=COM2, /DEBUGPORT=1394.
/EXECUTE
This option disables no-execute protection. See the /NOEXECUTE switch for more information.
/FASTDETECT
Default boot option for Windows. Replaces the Windows NT 4 switch /NOSERIALMICE. The reason the qualifier exists (vs. just having NTDETECT perform this operation by default) is so that NTDETECT can support booting Windows NT 4. Windows Plug and Play device drivers perform detection of parallel and serial devices, but Windows NT 4 expects NTDETECT to perform the detection. Thus, specifying /FASTDETECT causes NTDETECT to skip parallel and serial device enumeration (actions that are not required when booting Windows), whereas omitting the switch causes NTDETECT to perform this enumeration (which is required for booting Windows NT 4).
/INTAFFINITY
Directs the standard x86 multiprocessor HAL (Halmps.dll) to set interrupt affinities such that only the highest numbered processor will receive interrupts. Without the switch, the HAL defaults to its normal behavior of letting all processors receive interrupts.
/KERNEL=
/HAL=
Enable you to override Ntldr's default filename for the kernel image (Ntoskrnl.exe) and/or the HAL (Hal.dll). These options are useful for alternating between a checked kernel environment and a free (retail) kernel environment or even to manually select a different HAL. If you want to boot a checked environment that consists solely of the checked kernel and HAL, which is typically all that is needed to test drivers, follow these steps on a system installed with the free build:
Copy the checked versions of the kernel images from the checked build CD to your \Windows\System32 directory, giving the images different names than the default. For example, if you're on a uniprocessor, copy Ntoskrnl.exe to Ntoschk.exe and Ntkrnlpa.exe to Ntoschkpa.exe. If you're on a multiprocessor, copy Ntkrnlmp.exe to Ntoschk.exe and Ntkrpamp.exe to Ntoschkpa.exe. The kernel filename must be an 8.3-style short name.
Copy the checked version of the appropriate HAL needed for your system from \I386\Driver.cab on the checked build CD to your \Windows\System32 directory, naming it Halchk.dll. To determine which HAL to copy, open \Windows\Repair\Setup.log and search for Hal.dll; you'll find a line like \WINDOWS\system32\ hal.dll="halacpi.dll","1d8a1". The name immediately to the right of the equals sign is the name of the HAL you should copy. The HAL filename must be an 8.3-style short name.
Make a copy of the default line in the system's Boot.ini file.
In the string description of the boot selection, add something that indicates that the new selection will be for a checked build environment (for example, “Windows XP Professional Checked”.
Add the following to the end of the new selection's line: /KERNEL=NTOSCHK.EXE /HAL= HALCHK.DLL
Now when the selection menu appears during the boot process you can select the new entry to boot a checked environment or select the entry you were using to boot the free build.
/LASTKNOWNGOOD
Causes the system to boot as if the LastKnownGood boot option was selected.
/MAXMEM=
Limits Windows to ignore (not use) physical memory beyond the amount indicated. The number is interpreted in megabytes. Example: /MAXMEM=32 would limit the system to using the first 32 MB of physical memory even if more were present.
/MAXPROCSPERCLUSTER=
For the standard x86 multiprocessor HAL (Halmps.dll), forces cluster-mode Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC) addressing (not supported on systems with an 82489DX external APIC interrupt controller).
/MININT
This option is used by Windows PE (Preinstallation Environment) and causes the Configuration Manager to load the Registry SYSTEM hive as a volatile hive such that changes made to it in memory are not saved back to the hive image.
/NODEBUG
Prevents kernel-mode debugging from being initialized. Overrides the specification of any of the three debug-related switches, /DEBUG, /DEBUGPORT, and /BAUDRATE.
/NOEXECUTE
This option is only available on 32-bit versions of Windows when running on processors supporting no-execute protection. It enables no-execute protection (also known as Data Execution Protection - DEP), which results in the Memory Manager marking pages containing data as no-execute so that they cannot be executed as code. This can be useful for preventing malicious code from exploiting buffer overflow bugs with unexpected program input in order to execute arbitrary code. No-execute protection is always enabled on 64-bit versions of Windows on processors that support no-execute protection. There are several options you can specify with this switch:
/NOEXECUTE=OPTIN Enables DEP for core system images and those specified in the DEP configuration dialog.
/NOEXECUTE=OPTOUT Enables DEP for all images except those specified in the DEP configuration dialog.
/NOEXECUTE=ALWAYSON Enables DEP on all images.
/NOEXECUTE=ALWAYSOFF Disables DEP.
/NOGUIBOOT
Instructs Windows not to initialize the VGA video driver responsible for presenting bitmapped graphics during the boot process. The driver is used to display boot progress information, so disabling it will disable the ability of Windows to show this information.
/NOLOWMEM
Requires that the /PAE switch be present and that the system have more than 4 GB of physical memory. If these conditions are met, the PAE-enabled version of the Windows kernel, Ntkrnlpa.exe, won't use the first 4 GB of physical memory. Instead, it will load all applications and device drivers, and allocate all memory pools, from above that boundary. This switch is useful only to test device driver compatibility with large memory systems.
/NOPAE
Forces Ntldr to load the non-Physical Address Extension (PAE) version of the Windows kernel, even if the system is detected as supporting x86 PAEs and has more than 4 GB of physical memory.
/NOSERIALMICE=[COMx | COMx,y,z...]
Obsolete Windows NT 4 qualifier—replaced by the absence of the /FASTDETECT switch. Disables serial mouse detection of the specified COM ports. This switch was used if you had a device other than a mouse attached to a serial port during the startup sequence. Using /NOSERIALMICE without specifying a COM port disables serial mouse detection on all COM ports. See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q131976 for more information.
/NUMPROC=
Specifies the number of CPUs that can be used on a multiprocessor system. Example: /NUMPROC=2 on a four-way system will prevent Windows from using two of the four processors.
/ONECPU
Causes Windows to use only one CPU on a multiprocessor system.
/PAE
Causes Ntldr to load Ntkrnlpa.exe, which is the version of the x86 kernel that is able to take advantage of x86 PAEs. The PAE version of the kernel presents 64-bit physical addresses to device drivers, so this switch is helpful for testing device driver support for large memory systems.
/PCILOCK
Stops Windows from dynamically assigning IO/IRQ resources to PCI devices and leaves the devices configured by the BIOS. See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q148501 for more information.
/RDPATH=
Specifies the path to a System Disk Image (SDI) file, which can be on the network, that the system will use to boot from. Often used in conjunction with the /RDIMAGEOFFSET= flag to indicate to NTLDR where in the file the system image starts.
/REDIRECT
Introduced with Windows XP. Used to cause Windows to enable Emergency Management Services (EMS) that reports boot information and accepts system management commands through a serial port. Specify serial port and baudrate used in conjunction with EMS with redirect= and redirectbaudrate= lines in the [boot loader] section of the Boot.ini file.
/SAFEBOOT:
Specifies options for a safe boot. You should never have to specify this option manually, since Ntldr specifies it for you when you use the F8 menu to perform a safe boot. (A safe boot is a boot in which Windows only loads drivers and services that are specified by name or group under the Minimal or Network registry keys under HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SafeBoot.) Following the colon in the option you must specify one of three additional switches: MINIMAL, NETWORK, or DSREPAIR. The MINIMAL and NETWORK flags correspond to safe boot with no network and safe boot with network support, respectively. The DSREPAIR (Directory Services Repair) switch causes Windows to boot into a mode in which it restores the Active Directory directory service from a backup medium you present. An additional option you can append is (ALTERNATESHELL), which tells Windows to use the program specified by the HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\ SafeBoot\AlternateShell value as the graphical shell rather than to use the default, which is Windows Explorer.
/SCSIORDINAL:
Directs Windows to the SCSI ID of the controller. (Adding a new SCSI device to a system with an on-board SCSI controller can cause the controller's SCSI ID to change.) See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q103625 for more information.
/SDIBOOT=
Used in Windows XP Embedded systems to have Windows boot from a RAM disk image stored in the specified System Disk Image (SDI) file.
/SOS
Causes Windows to list the device drivers marked to load at boot time and then to display the system version number (including the build number), amount of physical memory, and number of processors.
/TIMERES=
Sets the resolution of the system timer on the standard x86 multiprocessor HAL (Halmps.dll). The argument is a number interpreted in hundreds of nanoseconds, but the rate is set to the closest resolution the HAL supports that isn't larger than the one requested. The HAL supports the following resolutions:
Hundreds of nanoseconds Milliseconds (ms)
9766 0.98
19532 2.00
39063 3.90
78125 7.80
The default resolution is 7.8 ms. The system timer resolution affects the resolution of waitable timers. Example: /TIMERES=21000 would set the timer to a resolution of 2.0 ms.
/USERVA=
This switch is only supported on Windows XP and Windows Server 2003. Like the /3GB switch, this switch gives applications a larger address space. Specify the amount in MB between 2048 and 3072. This switch has the same application requirements as the /3GB switch and requires that the /3GB switch be present. Applies to 32-bit systems only.
/WIN95
Directs Ntldr to boot the Consumer Windows boot sector stored in Bootsect.w40. This switch is pertinent only on a triple-boot system that has MS-DOS, Consumer Windows, and Windows installed. See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q157992 for more information.
/WIN95DOS
Directs Ntldr to boot the MS-DOS boot sector stored in Bootsect.dos. This switch is pertinent only on a triple-boot system that has MS-DOS, Consumer Windows, and Windows installed. See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q157992 for more information.
/YEAR=
Instructs the Windows core time function to ignore the year that the computer's real-time clock reports and instead use the one indicated. Thus, the year used in the switch affects every piece of software on the system, including the Windows kernel. Example: /YEAR=2001. (This switch was created to assist in Y2K testing.)
Recreate The Boot.ini And HDD Master Boot Record For Windows XP
1. Boot to Recovery Console
2. Attrib -h -s -r C:\Boot.ini
3. Del C:\Boot.ini
4. Bootcfg /rebuild
(Press enter for ea option that Bootcfg prompts to create default boot options)
5.Fixboot
6.Reboot
that is the easy and best way.. to let your system detect OSs and write his own values
the advanced way
del the boot.ini from c:\ or don't and you will be prompted to replace it
then type
C:\>copy con C:\boot.ini
[boot loader]
timeout=3
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect
^Z
1 file(s) copied.
then ^Z .. after you finished typing.. press f6 and it will bring you the ^Z [end]
then
C:\>attribe +s +h C:\boot.ini
a bootcfg and fixboot commands is followed if you are not sure of what you write
/3GB
Increases the size of the user process address space from 2 GB to 3 GB (and therefore reduces the size of system space from 2 GB to 1 GB). Giving virtual-memory- intensive applications such as database servers a larger address space can improve their performance. For an application to take advantage of this feature, however, two additional conditions must be met: the system must be running Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows NT 4 Enterprise Edition, Windows 2000 Advanced Server or Datacenter Server and the application .exe must be flagged as a 3-GB-aware application. Applies to 32-bit systems only.
/BASEVIDEO
Causes Windows to use the standard VGA display driver for GUI-mode operations.
/BAUDRATE=
Enables kernel-mode debugging and specifies an override for the default baud rate (19200) at which a remote kernel debugger host will connect. Example: /BAUDRATE=115200.
/BOOTLOG
Causes Windows to write a log of the boot to the file %SystemRoot%\Ntbtlog.txt.
/BOOTLOGO
Use this switch to have Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 display an installable splash screen instead of the standard splash screen. First, create a 16-color (any 16 colors) 640x480 bitmap and save it in the Windows directory with the name Boot.bmp. Then add "/bootlogo /noguiboot" to the boot.ini selection.
/BREAK
Causes the hardware abstraction layer (HAL) to stop at a breakpoint at HAL initialization. The first thing the Windows kernel does when it initializes is to initialize the HAL, so this breakpoint is the earliest one possible. The HAL will wait indefinitely at the breakpoint until a kernel-debugger connection is made. If the switch is used without the /DEBUG switch, the system will Blue Screen with a STOP code of 0x00000078 (PHASE0_ EXCEPTION).
/BURNMEMORY=
Specifies an amount of memory Windows can't use (similar to the /MAXMEM switch). The value is specified in megabytes. Example: /BURNMEMORY=128 would indicate that Windows can't use 128 MB of the total physical memory on the machine.
/CHANNEL=
Used on conjunction with /DEBUGPORT=1394 to specify the IEEE 1394 channel through which kernel debugging communications will flow. This can be any number between 0 and 62 and defaults to 0 if not set.
/CLKLVL
Causes the standard x86 multiprocessor HAL (Halmps.dll) to configure itself for a level-sensitive system clock rather then an edge-triggered clock. Level-sensitive and edge-triggered are terms used to describe hardware interrupt types.
/CMDCONS
Passed when booting with into the Recovery Console (described later in this chapter).
/CRASHDEBUG
Causes the kernel debugger to be loaded when the system boots, but to remain inactive unless a crash occurs. This allows the serial port that the kernel debugger would use to be available for use by the system until the system crashes (vs. /DEBUG, which causes the kernel debugger to use the serial port for the life of the system session).
/DEBUG
Enables kernel-mode debugging.
/DEBUGPORT=
Enables kernel-mode debugging and specifies an override for the default serial (usually COM2 on systems with at least two serial ports) to which a remote kernel-debugger host is connected. Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 also support debugging through accept IEEE 1394 ports. Examples: /DEBUGPORT=COM2, /DEBUGPORT=1394.
/EXECUTE
This option disables no-execute protection. See the /NOEXECUTE switch for more information.
/FASTDETECT
Default boot option for Windows. Replaces the Windows NT 4 switch /NOSERIALMICE. The reason the qualifier exists (vs. just having NTDETECT perform this operation by default) is so that NTDETECT can support booting Windows NT 4. Windows Plug and Play device drivers perform detection of parallel and serial devices, but Windows NT 4 expects NTDETECT to perform the detection. Thus, specifying /FASTDETECT causes NTDETECT to skip parallel and serial device enumeration (actions that are not required when booting Windows), whereas omitting the switch causes NTDETECT to perform this enumeration (which is required for booting Windows NT 4).
/INTAFFINITY
Directs the standard x86 multiprocessor HAL (Halmps.dll) to set interrupt affinities such that only the highest numbered processor will receive interrupts. Without the switch, the HAL defaults to its normal behavior of letting all processors receive interrupts.
/KERNEL=
/HAL=
Enable you to override Ntldr's default filename for the kernel image (Ntoskrnl.exe) and/or the HAL (Hal.dll). These options are useful for alternating between a checked kernel environment and a free (retail) kernel environment or even to manually select a different HAL. If you want to boot a checked environment that consists solely of the checked kernel and HAL, which is typically all that is needed to test drivers, follow these steps on a system installed with the free build:
Copy the checked versions of the kernel images from the checked build CD to your \Windows\System32 directory, giving the images different names than the default. For example, if you're on a uniprocessor, copy Ntoskrnl.exe to Ntoschk.exe and Ntkrnlpa.exe to Ntoschkpa.exe. If you're on a multiprocessor, copy Ntkrnlmp.exe to Ntoschk.exe and Ntkrpamp.exe to Ntoschkpa.exe. The kernel filename must be an 8.3-style short name.
Copy the checked version of the appropriate HAL needed for your system from \I386\Driver.cab on the checked build CD to your \Windows\System32 directory, naming it Halchk.dll. To determine which HAL to copy, open \Windows\Repair\Setup.log and search for Hal.dll; you'll find a line like \WINDOWS\system32\ hal.dll="halacpi.dll","1d8a1". The name immediately to the right of the equals sign is the name of the HAL you should copy. The HAL filename must be an 8.3-style short name.
Make a copy of the default line in the system's Boot.ini file.
In the string description of the boot selection, add something that indicates that the new selection will be for a checked build environment (for example, “Windows XP Professional Checked”.
Add the following to the end of the new selection's line: /KERNEL=NTOSCHK.EXE /HAL= HALCHK.DLL
Now when the selection menu appears during the boot process you can select the new entry to boot a checked environment or select the entry you were using to boot the free build.
/LASTKNOWNGOOD
Causes the system to boot as if the LastKnownGood boot option was selected.
/MAXMEM=
Limits Windows to ignore (not use) physical memory beyond the amount indicated. The number is interpreted in megabytes. Example: /MAXMEM=32 would limit the system to using the first 32 MB of physical memory even if more were present.
/MAXPROCSPERCLUSTER=
For the standard x86 multiprocessor HAL (Halmps.dll), forces cluster-mode Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC) addressing (not supported on systems with an 82489DX external APIC interrupt controller).
/MININT
This option is used by Windows PE (Preinstallation Environment) and causes the Configuration Manager to load the Registry SYSTEM hive as a volatile hive such that changes made to it in memory are not saved back to the hive image.
/NODEBUG
Prevents kernel-mode debugging from being initialized. Overrides the specification of any of the three debug-related switches, /DEBUG, /DEBUGPORT, and /BAUDRATE.
/NOEXECUTE
This option is only available on 32-bit versions of Windows when running on processors supporting no-execute protection. It enables no-execute protection (also known as Data Execution Protection - DEP), which results in the Memory Manager marking pages containing data as no-execute so that they cannot be executed as code. This can be useful for preventing malicious code from exploiting buffer overflow bugs with unexpected program input in order to execute arbitrary code. No-execute protection is always enabled on 64-bit versions of Windows on processors that support no-execute protection. There are several options you can specify with this switch:
/NOEXECUTE=OPTIN Enables DEP for core system images and those specified in the DEP configuration dialog.
/NOEXECUTE=OPTOUT Enables DEP for all images except those specified in the DEP configuration dialog.
/NOEXECUTE=ALWAYSON Enables DEP on all images.
/NOEXECUTE=ALWAYSOFF Disables DEP.
/NOGUIBOOT
Instructs Windows not to initialize the VGA video driver responsible for presenting bitmapped graphics during the boot process. The driver is used to display boot progress information, so disabling it will disable the ability of Windows to show this information.
/NOLOWMEM
Requires that the /PAE switch be present and that the system have more than 4 GB of physical memory. If these conditions are met, the PAE-enabled version of the Windows kernel, Ntkrnlpa.exe, won't use the first 4 GB of physical memory. Instead, it will load all applications and device drivers, and allocate all memory pools, from above that boundary. This switch is useful only to test device driver compatibility with large memory systems.
/NOPAE
Forces Ntldr to load the non-Physical Address Extension (PAE) version of the Windows kernel, even if the system is detected as supporting x86 PAEs and has more than 4 GB of physical memory.
/NOSERIALMICE=[COMx | COMx,y,z...]
Obsolete Windows NT 4 qualifier—replaced by the absence of the /FASTDETECT switch. Disables serial mouse detection of the specified COM ports. This switch was used if you had a device other than a mouse attached to a serial port during the startup sequence. Using /NOSERIALMICE without specifying a COM port disables serial mouse detection on all COM ports. See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q131976 for more information.
/NUMPROC=
Specifies the number of CPUs that can be used on a multiprocessor system. Example: /NUMPROC=2 on a four-way system will prevent Windows from using two of the four processors.
/ONECPU
Causes Windows to use only one CPU on a multiprocessor system.
/PAE
Causes Ntldr to load Ntkrnlpa.exe, which is the version of the x86 kernel that is able to take advantage of x86 PAEs. The PAE version of the kernel presents 64-bit physical addresses to device drivers, so this switch is helpful for testing device driver support for large memory systems.
/PCILOCK
Stops Windows from dynamically assigning IO/IRQ resources to PCI devices and leaves the devices configured by the BIOS. See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q148501 for more information.
/RDPATH=
Specifies the path to a System Disk Image (SDI) file, which can be on the network, that the system will use to boot from. Often used in conjunction with the /RDIMAGEOFFSET= flag to indicate to NTLDR where in the file the system image starts.
/REDIRECT
Introduced with Windows XP. Used to cause Windows to enable Emergency Management Services (EMS) that reports boot information and accepts system management commands through a serial port. Specify serial port and baudrate used in conjunction with EMS with redirect= and redirectbaudrate= lines in the [boot loader] section of the Boot.ini file.
/SAFEBOOT:
Specifies options for a safe boot. You should never have to specify this option manually, since Ntldr specifies it for you when you use the F8 menu to perform a safe boot. (A safe boot is a boot in which Windows only loads drivers and services that are specified by name or group under the Minimal or Network registry keys under HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\SafeBoot.) Following the colon in the option you must specify one of three additional switches: MINIMAL, NETWORK, or DSREPAIR. The MINIMAL and NETWORK flags correspond to safe boot with no network and safe boot with network support, respectively. The DSREPAIR (Directory Services Repair) switch causes Windows to boot into a mode in which it restores the Active Directory directory service from a backup medium you present. An additional option you can append is (ALTERNATESHELL), which tells Windows to use the program specified by the HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\ SafeBoot\AlternateShell value as the graphical shell rather than to use the default, which is Windows Explorer.
/SCSIORDINAL:
Directs Windows to the SCSI ID of the controller. (Adding a new SCSI device to a system with an on-board SCSI controller can cause the controller's SCSI ID to change.) See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q103625 for more information.
/SDIBOOT=
Used in Windows XP Embedded systems to have Windows boot from a RAM disk image stored in the specified System Disk Image (SDI) file.
/SOS
Causes Windows to list the device drivers marked to load at boot time and then to display the system version number (including the build number), amount of physical memory, and number of processors.
/TIMERES=
Sets the resolution of the system timer on the standard x86 multiprocessor HAL (Halmps.dll). The argument is a number interpreted in hundreds of nanoseconds, but the rate is set to the closest resolution the HAL supports that isn't larger than the one requested. The HAL supports the following resolutions:
Hundreds of nanoseconds Milliseconds (ms)
9766 0.98
19532 2.00
39063 3.90
78125 7.80
The default resolution is 7.8 ms. The system timer resolution affects the resolution of waitable timers. Example: /TIMERES=21000 would set the timer to a resolution of 2.0 ms.
/USERVA=
This switch is only supported on Windows XP and Windows Server 2003. Like the /3GB switch, this switch gives applications a larger address space. Specify the amount in MB between 2048 and 3072. This switch has the same application requirements as the /3GB switch and requires that the /3GB switch be present. Applies to 32-bit systems only.
/WIN95
Directs Ntldr to boot the Consumer Windows boot sector stored in Bootsect.w40. This switch is pertinent only on a triple-boot system that has MS-DOS, Consumer Windows, and Windows installed. See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q157992 for more information.
/WIN95DOS
Directs Ntldr to boot the MS-DOS boot sector stored in Bootsect.dos. This switch is pertinent only on a triple-boot system that has MS-DOS, Consumer Windows, and Windows installed. See Microsoft Knowledge Base article Q157992 for more information.
/YEAR=
Instructs the Windows core time function to ignore the year that the computer's real-time clock reports and instead use the one indicated. Thus, the year used in the switch affects every piece of software on the system, including the Windows kernel. Example: /YEAR=2001. (This switch was created to assist in Y2K testing.)
Recreate The Boot.ini And HDD Master Boot Record For Windows XP
1. Boot to Recovery Console
2. Attrib -h -s -r C:\Boot.ini
3. Del C:\Boot.ini
4. Bootcfg /rebuild
(Press enter for ea option that Bootcfg prompts to create default boot options)
5.Fixboot
6.Reboot
that is the easy and best way.. to let your system detect OSs and write his own values
the advanced way
del the boot.ini from c:\ or don't and you will be prompted to replace it
then type
C:\>copy con C:\boot.ini
[boot loader]
timeout=3
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect
^Z
1 file(s) copied.
then ^Z .. after you finished typing.. press f6 and it will bring you the ^Z [end]
then
C:\>attribe +s +h C:\boot.ini
a bootcfg and fixboot commands is followed if you are not sure of what you write
Linux System Administration [ILLUSTRATED] (Paperback)
If you're an experienced system administrator looking to acquire Linux
skills, or a seasoned Linux user facing a new challenge, Linux System
Administration offers practical knowledge for managing a complete range
of Linux systems and servers. The book summarizes the steps you need to
build everything from standalone SOHO hubs, web servers, and LAN servers
to load-balanced clusters and servers consolidated through
virtualization. Along the way, you'll learn about all of the tools you
need to set up and maintain these working environments.
Linux is now a standard corporate platform with users numbering in the
hundreds of millions, and there is a definite shortage of talented
administrators. Linux System Administration is ideal as an introduction
to Linux for Unix veterans, MCSEs, and mainframe administrators, and as
an advanced (and refresher) guide for existing Linux administrators who
will want to jump into the middle of the book. Inside, you'll learn how
to:
- Set up a stand-alone Linux server
- Install, configure, maintain, and troubleshoot a DNS server using
BIND
- Build an Internet server to manage sites, perform email and file
transfers, and more
- Set up an email service for a small-to-medium-sized site, complete
with authentication
- Install and configure Apache, PHP, and MySQL on a web server built
from scratch
- Combine computers into a load-balanced Apache web server cluster
based on the free Linux Virtual Server
- Set up local network services from distributed file systems to DHCP
services, gateway services, print services, user management and more
- Use Linux virtualization with Xen or VMWare to run multiple kernels
on one piece of hardware; manage each kernel's access to processor time,
devices, and memory
- Create shell scripts and adapt them for your own needs
- Back up and restore data with rsync, tar, cdrecord, Amanda, and
MySQL tools
URL: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0596009526/
Download:
Code: Select all
http://depositfiles.com/files/1659877
http://rapidshare.com/files/53026336/0596009526.zip
password if reqd : giftfromfatherxmassip
skills, or a seasoned Linux user facing a new challenge, Linux System
Administration offers practical knowledge for managing a complete range
of Linux systems and servers. The book summarizes the steps you need to
build everything from standalone SOHO hubs, web servers, and LAN servers
to load-balanced clusters and servers consolidated through
virtualization. Along the way, you'll learn about all of the tools you
need to set up and maintain these working environments.
Linux is now a standard corporate platform with users numbering in the
hundreds of millions, and there is a definite shortage of talented
administrators. Linux System Administration is ideal as an introduction
to Linux for Unix veterans, MCSEs, and mainframe administrators, and as
an advanced (and refresher) guide for existing Linux administrators who
will want to jump into the middle of the book. Inside, you'll learn how
to:
- Set up a stand-alone Linux server
- Install, configure, maintain, and troubleshoot a DNS server using
BIND
- Build an Internet server to manage sites, perform email and file
transfers, and more
- Set up an email service for a small-to-medium-sized site, complete
with authentication
- Install and configure Apache, PHP, and MySQL on a web server built
from scratch
- Combine computers into a load-balanced Apache web server cluster
based on the free Linux Virtual Server
- Set up local network services from distributed file systems to DHCP
services, gateway services, print services, user management and more
- Use Linux virtualization with Xen or VMWare to run multiple kernels
on one piece of hardware; manage each kernel's access to processor time,
devices, and memory
- Create shell scripts and adapt them for your own needs
- Back up and restore data with rsync, tar, cdrecord, Amanda, and
MySQL tools
URL: http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0596009526/
Download:
Code: Select all
http://depositfiles.com/files/1659877
http://rapidshare.com/files/53026336/0596009526.zip
password if reqd : giftfromfatherxmassip
DNS on Windows Server 2003
While computers and other devices identify each other on networks or the Internet by using unique addresses made up of numbers, humans rely on the Domain Name System (DNS), the distributed database that allows us to identify machines by name. DNS does the work of translating domain names into numerical IP addresses, routing mail to its proper destination, and many other services, so that users require little or no knowledge of the system. If you’re a network or system administrator, however, configuring, implementing, and maintaining DNS zones can be a formidable challenge. And now, with Windows Server 2003, an understanding of the workings of DNS is even more critical. DNS on Windows Server 20003 is a special Windows-oriented edition of the classic DNS and BIND, updated to document the many changes to DNS, large and small, found in Windows Server 2003. Veteran O’Reilly authors, Cricket Liu, Matt Larson, and Robbie Allen explain the whole system in terms of the new Windows Server 2003, from starting and stopping a DNS service to establishing an organization’s namespace in the global hierarchy. Besides covering general issues like installing, setting up, and maintaining the server, DNS on Windows Server 2003 tackles the many issues specific to the new Windows environment, including the use of the dnscmd program to manage the Microsoft DNS Server from the command line and development using the WMI DNS provider to manage the name
server programmatically.
The book also documents new features of the Microsoft DNS Server in Windows Server 2003, including conditional forwarding and zone storage in Active Directory (AD) application partitions. DNS on Windows Server 2003 provides grounding in:
* Security issues
* System tuning
* Caching
* Zone change notification
* Troubleshooting
* Planning for growth
If you’re a Windows administrator, DNS on Windows Server 2003 is the operations manual you need for working with DNS every day. If you’re a Windows user who simply wants to take the mystery out of the Internet, this book is a readable introduction to the Internet’s architecture and inner workings.
Download:
rapidshare.com/files/71696730/o_27reilly_-_dns_on_windows_server_2003.chm
Veritas Storage Foundation 4.0 For UNIX Training Course WE-1297-60-NSiD
[URL=http://imageshack.us][IMG]http://img412.imageshack.us/img412/4007/veritasgm1.jpg[/IMG][/URL]
Learn how to integrate, operate, and make the most of VERITAS Storage Foundation in a UNIX environment. This course provides instruction on operational management procedures for VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM), VERITAS File System (VxFS), and options such as VERITAS FlashSnap.
Download:
rapidshare.com/files/63189514/nsid-vsf4.rar
rapidshare.com/files/61804085/nsid-vsf4.r00
rapidshare.com/files/61806158/nsid-vsf4.r01
rapidshare.com/files/61807287/nsid-vsf4.r02
rapidshare.com/files/62863689/nsid-vsf4.r03
rapidshare.com/files/62865594/nsid-vsf4.r04
rapidshare.com/files/62866190/nsid-vsf4.r05
rapidshare.com/files/62988161/nsid-vsf4.r06
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rapidshare.com/files/62993175/nsid-vsf4.r08
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Learn how to integrate, operate, and make the most of VERITAS Storage Foundation in a UNIX environment. This course provides instruction on operational management procedures for VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM), VERITAS File System (VxFS), and options such as VERITAS FlashSnap.
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VoIP Training Courses, Vedio Training Options
Chapter 1 VoIP Systems, Components, Standards, Jargon and Buzzwords
1.03 The Big Picture
1.05 Terminals
1.07 Voice in IP Packets
1.09 Soft Switches / SIP Servers / Call Managers
1.11 Media Servers
1.13 Gateways
1.15 LANs and WANs
1.17 Key VoIP Standards
1.19 Where All of This is Headed: Broadband IP Dial Tone
Chapter 2 VoIP Architectures and Implementation Choices
2.03 Computer-Computer VoIP over the Internet
2.05 Skype and IM
2.07 Computer to Phone e.g. SkypeOut (DS0 Interconnect to LEC)
2.09 Phone to Phone over the Internet e.g. Vonage
2.11 Managed IP Telephone Service (MIPT)
2.13 IXCs and IP-based Backbones
2.15 VoIP for Businesses and Organizations
2.17 VoIP-Enabled PBX and Migration Options
2.19 PBX Replacement
2.21 Hosted PBXs
2.23 IP Centrex
2.25 Asterisk and Open-Source IP-PBX Software
2.27 SO/HO IP Phone Features and Uses
V9: Understanding Voice over IP 2
Voice Packetization · Voice Quality · Codecs, Jitter and Packet Loss · QoS with MPLS
V10: Understanding Voice over IP 3
SIP · IP Call Flow · Carrier Interconnect
Download:
CD1
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CD3
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1.03 The Big Picture
1.05 Terminals
1.07 Voice in IP Packets
1.09 Soft Switches / SIP Servers / Call Managers
1.11 Media Servers
1.13 Gateways
1.15 LANs and WANs
1.17 Key VoIP Standards
1.19 Where All of This is Headed: Broadband IP Dial Tone
Chapter 2 VoIP Architectures and Implementation Choices
2.03 Computer-Computer VoIP over the Internet
2.05 Skype and IM
2.07 Computer to Phone e.g. SkypeOut (DS0 Interconnect to LEC)
2.09 Phone to Phone over the Internet e.g. Vonage
2.11 Managed IP Telephone Service (MIPT)
2.13 IXCs and IP-based Backbones
2.15 VoIP for Businesses and Organizations
2.17 VoIP-Enabled PBX and Migration Options
2.19 PBX Replacement
2.21 Hosted PBXs
2.23 IP Centrex
2.25 Asterisk and Open-Source IP-PBX Software
2.27 SO/HO IP Phone Features and Uses
V9: Understanding Voice over IP 2
Voice Packetization · Voice Quality · Codecs, Jitter and Packet Loss · QoS with MPLS
V10: Understanding Voice over IP 3
SIP · IP Call Flow · Carrier Interconnect
Download:
CD1
www.filefactory.com/file/ac407b
www.filefactory.com/file/25e29e
www.filefactory.com/file/6b6318
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CD2
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CD3
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LinuxCBT Mail Edition ( Sendmail, Postfix & qmail )
LinuxCBT Mail Edition focuses on the 3 leading Mail Transfer Agents (MTAs) and ancillary components:
Sendmail - LinuxCBT Sendmail Edition
Postfix - LinuxCBT Postfix Edition
qmail - LinuxCBT qmail Edition.
Linux/UNIX systems are responsible for moving the overwhelming majority of electronic mail across private and public networks. Consequently, savvy Systems Admins. are expected to have a solid foundation in MTAs and ancillary components for general and automated mail-based applications.
Let LinuxCBT Mail Edition help to solidify your understanding of key MTAs and ancillary components.
Recommended Prerequisites:
Familiarity with electronic mail concepts (MUA/MTA/etc.)
Access to a GNU/Linux-based PC to install the MTAs and ancillary components used
LinuxCBT Sendmail v8 Edition - Disc 1
Sendmail - Installation
Network & systems architecture review
Download current Sendmail v8.x.x source files
Import PGP-compatbile public keys
Verify source archive against imported public keys
Discuss required applications
Install GNU C Compiler (GCC) and ancillary applications
Backup existing Postfix implementation and prepare for Sendmail installation
Explore Sendmail source tree - identify key components
Configure & compile Sendmail
Discuss M4 & CF configuration files (sendmail.{mc,cf}, submit.{mc,cf})
Discuss default Sendmail operating modes - MSP & MTA
Prepare default Mail Submission Program (MSP) configuration based on MC
Prepare default Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) configuration based on MC
Install Berkeley DB libraries for hashed lookups
Complete installation
Explore post-installation Sendmail environment
Sendmail - Mail Submission Program (MSP) mode
Discuss local injection of messages
Explain required Sendmail MSP shell arguments for queue-runner mode
Start Sendmail in MSP mode
Verify Operating System (OS) results using BASH exit status
Verify monitored queue in MSP mode
Examine resultant Sendmail MSP Process Identification (PID) file creation
Kill running instance of Sendmail in MSP mode
Invoke Sendmail queue-runner mode
Inject test messages into the local queue
Examine the queue files generated by Sendmail MSP
Examine Syslog configuration using GREP
Discuss Sendmail logging
Identify Sendmail log files
Examine specific Sendmail log entries using GREP
Sendmail - Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) mode
Discuss Sendmail’s separation of duties; MSP/MTA
Explain required shell arguments for Sendmail MTA mode
Invoke Sendmail in MTA mode running as a daemon
Confirm Sendmail running in MTA mode
Force delivery of locally-injected messages
Confirm delivery of queued messages
Sendmail - Local Mail
Discuss Sendmail’s local delivery mechanism
Explore & discuss legacy /var/spool/mail directory
Identify user mbox files
Discuss mbox permissions
Illustrate local mail injection flow
Use mutt MUA to retrieve locally delivered mail
Use mutt to reply to envelope sender by local injection using MSP
Identify local mailer (procmail) used by Sendmail MTA
Invoke Sendmail in verbose mode
Attempt delivery to valid and invalid users & examine output
Explain Sendmail verbose-mode transcript (local vs. remote)
Sendmail - Logs
Discuss Syslog semantics (facilities & levels)
Discuss log rotation
Examine logs & discuss entries
Parse logs for interesting entries
Identify sourced messages
Discuss record types (receipt vs. delivery attempt(s))
Follow the message trail based on queue ID
Explain Sendmail fields
Identify PID related to various delivery attempts
Identify total delivery time and transfer time
Sendmail - Aliases
Discuss aliases applications
Identify aliases database
Explain Sendmail’s aliases expansion logic
Discuss the default aliases - (mailer-daemon, postmaster, etc.)
Test delivery to defined aliases
Define additional aliases
Rebuild aliases database using newaliases to route messages accordingly
Verify deliverablility of aliases database entries
Test delivery of messages to newly-defined aliases
Examine Sendmail logs to view transcript of delivery to aliased user
Explain the different types of supported Sendmail aliases
Define lists using aliases - one-to-many mappings
Test delivery to lists
Define alias to deliver messages to mbox-compliant file
Debug I/O errors related to Sendmail’s attempt to write to mbox-compliant file
Implement lists using file system includes
Define piped aliases to redirect messages to the input stream of other applications
Implement Sendmail’s per-user .forward file for user-based message routing
Setup aliases using pipes to the vacation program to enable auto-response
Sendmail - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Mail
Discuss SMTP prerequisites
Examine local name resolution configuration
Confirm resolution of remote Sendmail server
Identify available remote recipients
Compose and deliver message to remote recipient
Confirm receipt
Reveal returned message headers using mutt MUA
Disable message forwarding on remote host
Confirm receipt of smtp-based messages
Explain Sendmail’s name resolution logic during delivery attempt
Emulate Sendmail’s name resolution logic to illustrate logic
Demonstrate Sendmail delivering messages based on static HOSTS resolution
Disable static name resolution for remote host
Debug message delivery errors related to invalid name resolution
Create DNS entry for remote server on primary DNS server
Confirm DNS resolution using system tools
Confirm mail delivery based on DNS resolution
Sendmail - Mail Exchange (MX) based messaging
Explain Sendmail’s name resolution logic
Use system tools to determine MX handler
Attempt delivery to undefined MX handler
Update DNS configuration to include MX & A records for second-level domain
Attempt delivery to defined MX handler
Confirm delivery based on MX resolution via logs and MUA
Explain MX distances (priority) field
Define additional MX host for second-level domain in DNS zone
Test delivery to backup MX host for failover
Sendmail - m4 Configuration Technique
Discuss Sendmail.cf
Explain advantages of using m4
Identify m4 templates in Sendmail source tree
Explain m4 templates hierarchy
Describe the structure of standard Sendmail m4-compliant files
Use m4 to generate new Sendmail.cf file
Increase logging verbosity
Reload current instance of Sendmail and examine output
Restrict the number of recipients
Restrict the size of each message
Use m4 to generate and test new configuration features
Sendmail - Masquerading
Discuss masquerading features and applications
Explore default Sendmail masquerading configuration using MUA
Alter Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of outbound messages using masquerading
Regenerate Sendmail.cf using m4 technique
Configure system to receive messages for new FQDN defined using masquerading
Alter message envelope using masquerading feature
Add Windows 2003 Host to DNS configuration & confirm resolution
Masquerade outbound domain to reflect second-level domain
Sendmail - Relay Control
Discuss Sendmail’s default relay rules
Configure promiscuous relay & test consequences
Relay mail to Internet-based host and confirm delivery using SSH
Restrict relaying by defining relay domains
Define & test file-based relay domains to permit hosts & subnets to relay
Recompile Sendmail.mc using m4 technique
Examine relaying with unresolvable domains
Confirm relay to Internet-based host using relay domains and Windows 2003 Host
Discuss benefits of using access db
Define mc directives for access db invocation
Create access db file using makemap
Explore access db directives
Discuss mailertable feature
Define mailertable with forced SMTP routes
Simulate DMZ-based MTA-front-end relaying messages to corporate back-end MTA
Test results
Confirm SMTP Auth pre-requisites
Configure SMTP Auth support
Recompile Sendmail to support SMTP Auth
Test relaying from Outlook Express on Windows 2003 Host
Sendmail - Smart Host Configuration
Discuss Smart Host applications
Configure Sendmail to use remote server as a Smart Host
Rebuild configuration files
Test local mail routing
Test smart host routing
Sendmail - Null Client Configuration
Discuss Null Client applications
Undefine Smart Host configuration
Configure Sendmail as a null client
Test mail routing as a null client
Confirm forced SMTP route
Sendmail - Virtual Domains
Explain applications
Define basic-global virtual domains applied to all mailboxes
Update DNS configuration to route messages to appropriate Virtual Domain server
Confirm delivery of messages to users at virtual domain
Add new DNS zone for additional domain to route traffic accordingly
Discuss virtual user tables applications
Updated Sendmail.cf to include virtual user tables support
Define virtual user domains hash
Define virtual user maps
Test delivery to various users at various domains
Define and test a catchall address for a virtual domain
Rebuild virtual user maps using makemap
Relay virtual domains to remote recipients
Sendmail - Malware Framework
Discuss Malware Framework (MailScanner/ClamAV/SpamAssAssin)
Dowload MailScanner
Download Clam Anti-Virus (ClamAV)
Download SpamAssAssin
Clam Anti-Virus (ClamAV)
Install requisite ClamAV components
Compile & install ClamAV
Identify key ClamAV binaries
Update ClamAV configuration files for basic operation
Update ClamAV definitions
Invoke ClamAV as a daemon
SpamAssAssin Installation
Identify requisite SpamAssAssin components
Compile & install SpamAssAssin
Invoke SpamAssAssin as a daemon
MailScanner Implementation
Compile & install MailScanner
Identify MailScanner-related directories
Explore MailScanner’s primary configuration
Enable ClamAV & SpamAssAssin support
Alter Sendmail queue configuration to support MailScanner
Restart Sendmail
Start MailScanner
Test message delivery through malware framework
Test sample Spam through malware framework
Test sample Virus-laden file through malware framework
top
LinuxCBT Postfix Edition - Disc 2
Postfix - Installation
Identify a geographically close Postfix mirror location
Discuss Postfix nomenclature
Download Postfix
Import PGP-compatible key to verify downloaded source archive
Verify Postfix source archive against imported signature
Extract Postfix source archive
Identify existing system MTA configuration
Explore Postfix source tree
Discuss pre-requisites
Identify Sendmail-compatible binaries to backup
Add required Postfix user and groups
Compile & install Postfix
Identify key directories and binaries
Alter key Postfix configuration files for basic operation
Postfix - Local Mail & Queueing
Define local domains in main configuration file
Define Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of Postfix Host
Confirm running Postfix TCP (super server) Manager
Explore current running directives with postconf
Alter configuration to enable local aliases
Use sendmail-compatible binary to inject messages into the local queue
Confirm delivery via default Syslog location
Identify default mbox-based mailstore
Use MUA mutt to verify delivery of local mail
Discuss & explore various Postfix queues
Explain how Postfix implements local injection
Explain how Postfix handles SMTP-based mail
Postfix - Aliases
Discuss concepts and applications for aliases
Identify required aliases
Describe Sendmail-compatible alias types
Define 1-to-1 aliases
Define list-based aliases
Test aliases delivery
Discuss per-user aliases (.forward) file
Define per-user .forward file with redirection to vacation program
Test delivery and auto-response
Discuss how mail is routed into the file system (maildrop) while Postfix is up/down
Identify binaries responsible for local mail injection (pickup/cleanup)
Postfix - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Confirm the existence of remote recipients
Inject mail for delivery to remote Linux Host
Review Postfix delivery report generated upon invocation of verbose mode
Confirm delivery of remote mail to remote Linux Host
Use MUA mutt to reveal and explore the headers of SMTP-based mail
Explore name resolution order file & discuss logic
Configure Postfix to receive mail to second-level domain plus FQDN
Simulate Postfix name resolution process at delivery-time
Expose current Mail Exchanger (MX) Host for the second-level domain
Postfix - Rewriting Features - Canonical Maps - BCC Maps
Discuss default configuration
Examine envelope headers
Configure Postfix to masquerade outbound messages
Test masqueraded envelope by generating new mail
Discuss canonical maps concepts & applications
Explain corresponding rewrite binaries
Define canonical maps in Ascii format
Use Postmap to generate DB-formatted canonical maps
Instruct main.cf to employ canonical maps database
Test address rewriting using canonical maps
Confirm message delivery via Syslog-generated logs
Examine the headers of delivered message altered using canonical maps & myorigin
Define & test sender canonical maps
Define & test recipient canonical maps
Configure Postfix to BCC all messages to specified recipients
Test messages between various users to ensure BCC functionality
Configure Postfix to BCC messages based on specific senders
Define Sender BCC maps using editor and Postmap to generate Hashed DB
Postfix - Relay Control
Explore & discuss default relay behavior
Identify key relay-related directives
Connect to remote Windows 2003 Host and attempt to relay
Confirm DNS resolution of Postfix relay host
Attempt relay to recipient on relay host & confirm path via logs
Attempt relay to recipient on foreign host & confirm delivery
Tighten default Postfix relay policy to restrict relaying to local subnet
Attempt local subnet and Internet-based relays & confirm results
Use SMTP commands to expose features supported by Postfix MTA
Discuss SMTP Auth pre-requisites
Recompile Postfix to support SMTP Auth
Configure Postfix with SMTP Auth to restrict relaying by users vs. IP or hostname
Confirm support of SMTP Auth using standard STMP commands
Configure Outlook Express client to support SMTP Auth
Attempt to relay based on SMTP Auth support
Permit relaying of non-local domains based on relay domains
Define additional second-level domain for relaying
Configure relaying of non-local domains using hashed Berkeley DB maps
Discuss Postfix transport maps concepts and applications
Define transport maps for domains to bypass DNS MX lookups
Update receiving Postfix host to support transport maps
Confirm delivery of messages to additional domains defined in transport maps
Configure Postfix as a Backup Mail Exchanger (MX) host and confirm delivery during failure
Postfix - Smart Host & Null Client configuration
Discuss Smart Host concepts and applications
Define the Postfix Smart Host
Define the Postfix Smart Host client
Test local delivery and confirm delivery
Test delivery of Internet-based message which requires Smart Host
Confirm delivery via logs and remote SSH session
Discuss Null client concepts and applications
Internet -> DMZ -> Corporate Backbone Mail Repository
Disable local mail delivery on Postfix host
Configure Postfix to function as a null client
Test results of null client delivery
Postfix - Virtual Domains
Discuss default domains handled by Postfix
Attempt IP-address based delivery
Explore the mydestination parameter
Alter BIND configuration to route messages for basic virtual domain
Configure Postfix to map individual users to domains
Define individual virtual domains hash
Define virtual domains user hash
Generate hashed virtual domains and virtual user databases
Confirm routing of messages to appropriate users
Define catchall addresses for non-matching users and/or aliases
Use Postmap to query virtual users and determine delivery path
Postfix - Mailbox Formats
Explore default mbox configuration location and permissions
Describe mbox format
Explore environment configuration variables related to mail delivery
Test delivery of mbox-bound messages using mutt & Postfix
Discuss Maildir message storage format
Configure Postfix to deliver messages using Maildir message format
Examine Postfix-created Maildir structure after mail delivery
Alter shell environment to support Maildir format with desired MUA
Postfix - Network-based Mail Retrieval
Discuss Courier IMAP framework
Identify and install pre-requisites
Download, compile, and install Courier Authentication Library Daemon
Identify Courier Authentication key directories, binaries and configuration file
Download and install Courier IMAP Daemon
Explore Courier IMAP binary directory tree
Discuss Courier framework
Configure Courier for POP3 mail retrieval
Confirm retrieval using Windows 2003 - Outlook Express client
Identify POP3 Secure configuration files
Generate self-signed certificate for use with POP3 Secure communications
Confirm retrieval of messages using Outlook Expres and POP3 Secure
Establish run-level symbolic links for POP3 & POP3S services
Configure Courier for IMAP mail retrieval
Confirm retrieval using Windows 2003 - Outlook Express client
Generate self-signed certificate for use with IMAP Secure communications
Establish run-level symbolic links for IMAP & IMAPS services
Postfix - Web-based Mail Retrieval
Discuss Web-based SquirrelMail pre-requisites
Enable Apache web server
Download and Install SquirrelMail into web-accessible location
Secure data and attachments directories
Configure SquirrelMail for initial use with Courier IMAP
Address PHP session-related issues
Explore SquirrelMail from the browser as various Linux users
Confirm deliver using multiple clients - (mutt/Outlook Express/SquirrelMail/Local Injection)
Postfix - Malware Framework
Dowload MailScanner
Download Clam Anti-Virus (ClamAV)
Download SpamAssAssin
Download, compile & install zlib
Clam Anti-Virus (ClamAV) Implementation
Create required user and group
Compile & install ClamAV
Identify key ClamAV binaries
Update ClamAV configuration files for basic operation
Update ClamAV definitions
Configure system Crontab to update virus definitions every hour
Confirm scheduled virus definition updates 24 hours later
SpamAssAssin Implementation
Illustrate message flow from remote SMTP system through our Malware Framework
Download SpamAssAssin from Apache Foundation
Extract & discuss SpamAssAssin source tree
Compile and install Perl-based SpamAssAssin
MailScanner Implementation
Download, compile and install the current MailScanner malware engine
Explore MailScanner source and binary trees
Explore MailScanner.conf configuration file - discuss important directives
Update MailScanner to support Postfix MTA
Configure Postfix MTA to route inbound messages into temporary queue for processing
Invoke MailScanner malware engine and confirm
Debug incidentals related to invalid configuration directives and missing components
Malware Framework - MUA -> MTA -> MailScanner -> ClamAV -> SpamAassAssin -> MTA -> Maildir/Mailbox
Send sample malware through the malware framework & confirm detection
Send sample spam through the malware framework & confirm detection
Configure MailScanner to affix outbound Corporate Signatures - Legalise - to all messages based trusted configuration
Postfix - Log Analysis
Download AWStats log analysis application
Configure AWStats to function in current Apache Web Server environment
Discuss AWStats features and applications
Configure AWStats to process Postfix MTA Logs
Explore AWStats’ web-based interface
top
LinuxCBT qmail Edition - Disc 3
qmail - Installation
Identify current Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) environment on Red Hat Enterprise box
Discuss system initialization environment
Disable current MTA in applicable run-levels
Identify qmail pre-requisites
Setup qmail source-tree hierarchy for build process
Discuss qmail’s modular, component architecture - relevant binaries
Navigate to a close qmail mirror
Download qmail components
Extract primary qmail packaged and dicuss contents
Patch original qmail sources
Install ucspi-tcp - INETD/XINETD substitute
Install dameontools - daemon management for qmail daemons
Create requisite users and groups
Compile and install qmail
Define default qmail environment
Explore and discuss the important qmail directories, symlinks and binaries
Illustrate internal qmail communications required for local and remote deliveries
Identify initial qmail startup process
Define genersal startup scripts for qmail
Define supervise scripts for qmail delivery
Define supervise scripts for qmail logging
Backup default local queue-injection process (Sendmail)
Create Sendmail symlink to qmail-compatible binary for local queue-injection
Start qmail & confirm processes and network bindings
qmail - Local Mail
Define required system aliases using qmail files
Configure qmail rules to permit local relaying
Identify default mbox mail storage format
Use MUA mutt to deliver mail via qmail
Examine delivery via qmail logs
Identify mbox destination
Discuss local queue-injection logic - qmail-inject/Sendmail
Explain permissions used by qmail when delivering local mail
Update local user’s environment variables and confirm message delivery
Identify variables used for local queue-injection
Explore and discuss the mbox mail storage format
Update global environment configuration to reflect new mbox storage location
Examine running qmail statistics
Inject messages into the queue of a downed MTA
Examine results
Explore a message’s path throught the local queue
Resume message delivery
qmail - Mail Storage Formats
Switch qmail global configuration from mbox to Maildir storage format
Use maildirmake to create Maildir-compliant directory structure for users
Explore standard Maildir directory tree
Restart qmail and attempt delivery to Maildir mailbox
Confirm deliver of message to Maildir recipient
Discuss Maildir file nomenclature
Update environment variables to reflect Maildir mail storage format
Explore headers of delivered messages and discuss key components
qmail - Aliases
Explain the benefits of aliases
Explore traditional Sendmail-style aliases in /etc/aliases
Compare and contrast Sendmail-style aliases to qmail-style (.qmail) aliases
Discuss key qmail alias user
Explore system-wide qmail aliases
Test delivery to system-wide qmail aliases
Define an abuse qmail-style alias and confirm delivery
Deine one-to-many qmail-style abuse alias and confirm delivery
Attempt delivery to non-existing local user or alias using Sendmail and confirm results
Define a catch-all system-wide alias to handle non-existing local users or accounts
Test catch-all system-wide alias by injecting messages bound to non-existing mailboxes
Discuss sub-addresses/address extensions using qmail aliases
Define sub-address for non-privileged user and confirm delivery using MUA mutt
Forward defined non-privileged sub-address to other local user and examine results
Redirect the abuse alias to a Mailbox-style repository for evidence-collection
Confirm appended alias-redirection of messages destined to catch-all accounts
qmail - Remote Mail
Identify key qmail daemons and binaries responsible for remote delivery
Explain remote delivery logic using DNS
Connect (SSH) to remote Linux system to be used for initial remote delivery & explore
Attempt remote delivery using qmail and FQDN of remote box and examine the qmail queue
Alter remote Postfix environment to find Maildir mailbox and confirm delivery using mutt
Update remote Postfix configuration to handle messages destined to second-level domain
Alter remote Postfix transport (smtproutes) file to disable static delivery
Confirm DNS second-level Mail Exchanger (MX) configuration for linuxcbt.internal domain
Attempt MX-based delivery and confirm delivery on remote host
Discuss employed qmail logic
Switch primary Mail Exchanger (MX) from Postfix box to qmail box - adjusting distances
Confirm MX distances using Domain Information Groper (dig)
Attempt delivery to second-level domain from the qmail box & confirm delivery
Explore qmail log files for message-delivery information
Debug qmail-smtpd delivery issues and adjust to ensure delivery
Discuss a Backup MX configuration for a given domain
Update DNS configuration to reflect the ideal MX distances
Confirm DNS configuration from a tertiary Linux server
Purposely fail the primary Postfix server for the linuxcbt.external domain
Configure qmail to be a Backup MX server for a business partner’s domain
Attempt delivery to the linuxcbt.external domain from the tertiary Linux server
Examine queued messages for the linuxcbt.external backup domain on the qmail box
Re-enable the primary domain’s Postfix box
Flush the qmail queue and examine delivery to the primary MX host
qmail - Relay Control
Discuss Smart Host applications
Explore pre-Smart Host SMTP delivery of messages to Internet-based host
Configure qmail to use a remote Postfix SMTP Smart Host system
Disable Smart Host configuration
Discuss qmail’s default relay policy
Identify key qmail configuration files related to relaying
Attempt to relay from a remote Windows 2003 Host through the open qmail MTA
Confirm delivery of message via qmail in open-relay mode to local and remote recipients
Secure open relay and confirm inability to relay messages to untrusted domains
Configure selective relaying based on individual host and subnet
Discuss the benefits of SMTP Auth
Explain qmail’s SMTP Auth implementation
Identify SMTP Auth pre-requisites
Download, compile and install CheckPassword authentication application
Debug compilation-related errors
Download SMTP Auth patch
Patch qmail sources and recompile to produce modified qmail-smtpd binary
Install new qmail-smtpd binary and prepare run scripts for usage
Attempt to relay with tightened relay permissions and confirm failure
Confirm SMTP Auth from Windows 2003 Host using Outlook Express
Relay outbound messages using SMTP Auth from Outlook Express client
qmail - Network-based Mail Retrieval
Discuss Mail retrieval authentication framework using Courier
Identify pre-requisites
Download, compile and install Courier Authentication Daemon
Identify Courier Authentication key directories, binaries and configuration file
Download and install Courier IMAP Daemon
Explore Courier IMAP binary directory tree
Discuss Courier framework
Configure Courier for POP3 mail retrieval
Confirm retrieval using Windows 2003 - Outlook Express client
Identify POP3 Secure configuration files
Generate self-signed certificate for use with POP3 Secure communications
Confirm retrieval of messages using Outlook Expres and POP3 Secure
Establish run-level symbolic links for POP3 & POP3S services
Configure Courier for IMAP mail retrieval
Confirm retrieval using Windows 2003 - Outlook Express client
Generate self-signed certificate for use with IMAP Secure communications
Establish run-level symbolic links for IMAP & IMAPS services
qmail - Web-based Mail Retrieval
Discuss Web-based SquirrelMail pre-requisites
Enable Apache web server
Download and Install SquirrelMail into web-accessible location
Secure data and attachments directories
Configure SquirrelMail for initial use with Courier IMAP
Address PHP session-related issues
Explore SquirrelMail from the browser as various Linux users
Confirm deliver using multiple clients - (mutt/Outlook Express/SquirrelMail/Local Injection)
qmail - Virtual Domains
Discuss qmail virtual domains support via system-wide aliases
Configure basic/global virtual domains using .qmail files
Confirm delivery to users @ virtual domains
Configure individual virtual domains
Confirm delivery to individuals @ virtual domains
Ensure non-global delivery to virtual domains
Define non-privileged user-managed virtual domains
Confirm deliver to user-managed virtual domains
qmail - Malware Framework - OpenProtect, Bad Senders, TLS
Discus the OpenProtect Malware Framework
Identify pre-requisites
Download OpenProtect
Install Open Protect
Explore OpenProtect Configuration (MailScanner/ClamAV/SpamAssAssin)
Configure outbound signatures
Configure qmail to reject users based header information
Confirm rejection from Windows 2003 Host - Outlook Express
Discuss Transport Layer Security framework and requirements
Implement Transport Layer Security (TLS)
Configure Outlook Express client to use TLS & test outbound relaying
Download CD1:
www.megaupload.com/?d=HEP16S5C
www.megaupload.com/?d=JC2UH34Z
www.megaupload.com/?d=TSYB5COD
www.megaupload.com/?d=534Q3PKX
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www.megaupload.com/?d=WAS9HR46
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www.megaupload.com/?d=2T3ACQSS
www.megaupload.com/?d=0FNJZA5N
www.megaupload.com/?d=G1KUYR4W
Download CD2:
www.megaupload.com/?d=2ZITVGZY
www.megaupload.com/?d=FZTG462B
www.megaupload.com/?d=O5E30DDE
www.megaupload.com/?d=AONHI282
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www.megaupload.com/?d=RI4IX0UA
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ISA Server 2006 Lab Manuals
The main ISA Server 2006 lab manual consists of nine lab modules:
- A. Introduction to ISA Server
- B. Configuring Outbound Internet Access
- C. Publishing Web Servers and Other Servers
- D. Publishing an Exchange Server
- E. Enabling VPN Connections
- F. ISA Server 2006 as Branch Office Gateway
- G. Enterprise Management of ISA Servers
- H. Configuring Load Balancing
- I. Using Monitoring, Alerting and Loging
Each lab module is independent of the other lab modules.
All nine lab modules are in a single lab manual, named ISA 2006 Lab Manual.doc.
The modules contain exercises about new or changed functionality in ISA Server 2006,
and contain exercises about functionality that is the same in ISA Server 2004.
In the “subset” lab manual, only the exercises about new or changed functionality
in ISA Server 2006 are put together in a single lab manual. All these exercises
are also in the main lab manual.
Each lab manual has a version formatted for A4 paper size, and a version formatted
for Letter paper size.
Download:
rapidshare.com/files/50240925/2oo6-I-S-a.part01.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241018/2oo6-I-S-a.part02.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241092/2oo6-I-S-a.part03.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241166/2oo6-I-S-a.part04.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241237/2oo6-I-S-a.part05.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241301/2oo6-I-S-a.part06.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241390/2oo6-I-S-a.part07.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241478/2oo6-I-S-a.part08.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241558/2oo6-I-S-a.part09.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241627/2oo6-I-S-a.part10.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241709/2oo6-I-S-a.part11.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241779/2oo6-I-S-a.part12.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241856/2oo6-I-S-a.part13.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241923/2oo6-I-S-a.part14.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50241969/2oo6-I-S-a.part15.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50242042/2oo6-I-S-a.part16.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50242104/2oo6-I-S-a.part17.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50242169/2oo6-I-S-a.part18.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50242235/2oo6-I-S-a.part19.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50242314/2oo6-I-S-a.part20.rar
rapidshare.com/files/50242331/2oo6-I-S-a.part21.rar
200 Ways to Revive a Hard Drive
Fantastic Guide–> 200 Practical tips to recover your damaged Hard Drive.. Hard drive failures may be responsible for the biggest headaches IT professionals experience. Recovering lost or corrupted data from failed disks is a nightmare. Fortunately, you have help. TechRepublic asked its members what recovery methods worked best for them
Hard drive failures may be responsible for the biggest headaches IT professionals experience. Recovering lost or corrupted data from failed disks is a nightmare. Fortunately, you have help. TechRepublic asked its members what recovery methods worked best for them. Solutions poured in from IT professionals who’ve tried everything, revealing that, in many cases, hopeless situations aren’t hopeless. In fact, data can often be retrieved from failed disks, if you know how. 200 Ways to Revive a Hard Drive collects more than 200 creative, resourceful, and crafty tips from TechRepublic members. In their own words, here are the solutions they’ve turned to when trying to rescue data following a hard disk crash or failure.
Download:
rapidshare.com/files/76805524/200_Ways_To_Recover_Revive_Your_Hard-Drive.pdf
Hacking Gmail 2007***
Info
by Ben Hammersley
Paperback: 284 pages
Language: English
Download
http://rapidshare.com/files/75395250/hacking_gmail_2007_Tera_21_Balkan-Media.zip
Bypass ur internet provider monthly bandwith.
========================
Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1
========================
Cable Modem Hacking Guide With Pictures
------------------------------------------------
Bypass ur internet provider monthly bandwith.
Only for cable users.
Pass: rapidworld.i67.org
http://rapidshare.com/files/77009386/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part01.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77010494/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part02.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77011638/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part03.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77012426/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part04.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77013167/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part05.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77013871/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part06.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77014532/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part07.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77015206/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part08.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77016084/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part09.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77016746/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part10.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77017376/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part11.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77018055/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part12.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77018757/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part13.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77019426/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part14.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77020114/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part15.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77020797/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part16.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77023453/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part17.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77023941/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part18.rar
Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1
========================
Cable Modem Hacking Guide With Pictures
------------------------------------------------
Bypass ur internet provider monthly bandwith.
Only for cable users.
Pass: rapidworld.i67.org
http://rapidshare.com/files/77009386/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part01.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77010494/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part02.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77011638/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part03.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77012426/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part04.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77013167/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part05.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77013871/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part06.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77014532/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part07.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77015206/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part08.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77016084/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part09.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77016746/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part10.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77017376/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part11.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77018055/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part12.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77018757/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part13.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77019426/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part14.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77020114/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part15.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77020797/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part16.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77023453/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part17.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77023941/Cable_Modem_Modification_Kit_V8.1.part18.rar
SQL Server 2005 Implementation and Maintenance Training CD
SQL Server 2005 has been tweaked drastically to make your life as a Database Administrator (DBA) or Developer easier.
While much of the core functionality has been carried over from previous versions of SQL Server, many of the rules of play have changed:
* SQL Server 2005 makes your life as a DBA or Developer easier because it combines good productivity features, easy to use new tools, and a more powerful than ever database engine.
* Now DBAs and Developers can work together more easily--the tools for each job have been integrated and simplified inside the new SQL Server Management Studio.
* SQL Server 2005 is faster than all previous versions--it broke the 1,000,000 transactions per minute milestone, which means it can now compete with the major players in the enterprise database market.
With this new version, there's a lot to learn.
In this series, instructor Garth Schulte shows you what's new, what's different, and what's useful. As you go through and watch each video, you learn not only the features that SQL Server 2005 has, but what they do and--most importantly--how to use them. Plus you'll be preparing for MCTS certification exam 70-431 at the same time.
Exam-Pack 70-431: SQL Server 2005 Implementation and Maintenance contains:
- Introduction to SQL Server 2005
- Installing and Configuring SQL Server 2005
- Implementing Security
- Implementing Disaster Recovery
- Monitoring Activity and Performance
- Maintaining High Availability
- Implementing Replication
- Automating Tasks with SQL Server Agent
- TSQL Language Primer
- Creating, Managing, and Maintaining Databases
- Designing and Creating Tables
- Implementing Indexes
- Creating and Using Views
- Creating and Using Stored Procedures
- Creating and Using User-Defined Functions
- Working with XML Data
- Working with Managed Code
- Intro to Messaging with SQL Server Notification Services (SSNS)
- Intro to Transforming Data with SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS)
- Intro to Reporting with SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS)
download link
http://rapidshare.com/files/74341512/SQL_Sever_2005.part01.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74346854/SQL_Sever_2005.part02.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74351889/SQL_Sever_2005.part03.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74356273/SQL_Sever_2005.part04.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74383761/SQL_Sever_2005.part05.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74390001/SQL_Sever_2005.part06.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76069805/SQL_Sever_2005.part07.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76013652/SQL_Sever_2005.part08.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76081612/SQL_Sever_2005.part09.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76477273/SQL_Sever_2005.part10.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76044441/SQL_Sever_2005.part11.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76567771/SQL_Sever_2005.part12.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76847281/SQL_Sever_2005.part13.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76855269/SQL_Sever_2005.part14.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76860680/SQL_Sever_2005.part15.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77050245/SQL_Sever_2005.part16.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77058737/SQL_Sever_2005.part17.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77063761/SQL_Sever_2005.part18.rar
While much of the core functionality has been carried over from previous versions of SQL Server, many of the rules of play have changed:
* SQL Server 2005 makes your life as a DBA or Developer easier because it combines good productivity features, easy to use new tools, and a more powerful than ever database engine.
* Now DBAs and Developers can work together more easily--the tools for each job have been integrated and simplified inside the new SQL Server Management Studio.
* SQL Server 2005 is faster than all previous versions--it broke the 1,000,000 transactions per minute milestone, which means it can now compete with the major players in the enterprise database market.
With this new version, there's a lot to learn.
In this series, instructor Garth Schulte shows you what's new, what's different, and what's useful. As you go through and watch each video, you learn not only the features that SQL Server 2005 has, but what they do and--most importantly--how to use them. Plus you'll be preparing for MCTS certification exam 70-431 at the same time.
Exam-Pack 70-431: SQL Server 2005 Implementation and Maintenance contains:
- Introduction to SQL Server 2005
- Installing and Configuring SQL Server 2005
- Implementing Security
- Implementing Disaster Recovery
- Monitoring Activity and Performance
- Maintaining High Availability
- Implementing Replication
- Automating Tasks with SQL Server Agent
- TSQL Language Primer
- Creating, Managing, and Maintaining Databases
- Designing and Creating Tables
- Implementing Indexes
- Creating and Using Views
- Creating and Using Stored Procedures
- Creating and Using User-Defined Functions
- Working with XML Data
- Working with Managed Code
- Intro to Messaging with SQL Server Notification Services (SSNS)
- Intro to Transforming Data with SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS)
- Intro to Reporting with SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS)
download link
http://rapidshare.com/files/74341512/SQL_Sever_2005.part01.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74346854/SQL_Sever_2005.part02.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74351889/SQL_Sever_2005.part03.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74356273/SQL_Sever_2005.part04.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74383761/SQL_Sever_2005.part05.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74390001/SQL_Sever_2005.part06.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76069805/SQL_Sever_2005.part07.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76013652/SQL_Sever_2005.part08.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76081612/SQL_Sever_2005.part09.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76477273/SQL_Sever_2005.part10.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76044441/SQL_Sever_2005.part11.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76567771/SQL_Sever_2005.part12.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76847281/SQL_Sever_2005.part13.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76855269/SQL_Sever_2005.part14.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/76860680/SQL_Sever_2005.part15.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77050245/SQL_Sever_2005.part16.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77058737/SQL_Sever_2005.part17.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/77063761/SQL_Sever_2005.part18.rar
Sunday, December 16, 2007
How To Reinstall Windows Without Losing Anything
1- Start WindowsXP
2- Go to the location of your source files
3- Run WINNT32 /unattend
For example, D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend ( copy & paste this command into the RUN box, then press ENTER ) Your computer will do the rest.
Or,
Start > All Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt.
Copy & paste > D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend
Press Enter.
If you have i386 on your drive, you can replace D: ( if D: is your cd drive ) with the location of it.
I've often need to do this to repair something that had gotten corrupted and didn't want to do a clean install.
D: is the driver letter where your windows XP Cd is
if D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend doesn't work then try : d:\winnt32 /unattend.
2- Go to the location of your source files
3- Run WINNT32 /unattend
For example, D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend ( copy & paste this command into the RUN box, then press ENTER ) Your computer will do the rest.
Or,
Start > All Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt.
Copy & paste > D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend
Press Enter.
If you have i386 on your drive, you can replace D: ( if D: is your cd drive ) with the location of it.
I've often need to do this to repair something that had gotten corrupted and didn't want to do a clean install.
D: is the driver letter where your windows XP Cd is
if D:\I386\winnt32 /unattend doesn't work then try : d:\winnt32 /unattend.
TestOut CISSP Suite, Certified Infor. System Security Pro.
CISSP Certification Course
Earn your Certified Information System Security Professional certification and become familiar with security management, cryptography, access control, and much more through the use of our multimedia technology.
http://www.testout.com/cissp/
TestOut CISSP Suite (2 CD - 730 MB)
http://rapidshare.com/files/74935688/f-cissp1.r00
http://rapidshare.com/files/74936297/f-cissp1.r01
http://rapidshare.com/files/74936871/f-cissp1.r02
http://rapidshare.com/files/74937439/f-cissp1.r03
http://rapidshare.com/files/74937963/f-cissp1.r04
http://rapidshare.com/files/74938453/f-cissp1.r05
http://rapidshare.com/files/74939016/f-cissp1.r06
http://rapidshare.com/files/74939520/f-cissp1.r07
http://rapidshare.com/files/74940012/f-cissp1.r08
http://rapidshare.com/files/74940560/f-cissp1.r09
http://rapidshare.com/files/74941076/f-cissp1.r10
http://rapidshare.com/files/74941613/f-cissp1.r11
http://rapidshare.com/files/74942174/f-cissp1.r12
http://rapidshare.com/files/74942794/f-cissp1.r13
http://rapidshare.com/files/74943388/f-cissp1.r14
http://rapidshare.com/files/74943979/f-cissp1.r15
http://rapidshare.com/files/74944599/f-cissp1.r16
http://rapidshare.com/files/74945170/f-cissp1.r17
http://rapidshare.com/files/74945741/f-cissp1.r18
http://rapidshare.com/files/74946252/f-cissp1.r19
http://rapidshare.com/files/74946583/f-cissp1.r20
http://rapidshare.com/files/74947199/f-cissp1.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/74947824/f-cissp2.r00
http://rapidshare.com/files/74948428/f-cissp2.r01
http://rapidshare.com/files/74948988/f-cissp2.r02
http://rapidshare.com/files/74949586/f-cissp2.r03
http://rapidshare.com/files/74950230/f-cissp2.r04
http://rapidshare.com/files/74950797/f-cissp2.r05
http://rapidshare.com/files/74951414/f-cissp2.r06
http://rapidshare.com/files/74952049/f-cissp2.r07
http://rapidshare.com/files/74952622/f-cissp2.r08
http://rapidshare.com/files/74953177/f-cissp2.r09
http://rapidshare.com/files/74953776/f-cissp2.r10
http://rapidshare.com/files/74954323/f-cissp2.r11
http://rapidshare.com/files/74954843/f-cissp2.r12
http://rapidshare.com/files/74955425/f-cissp2.r13
http://rapidshare.com/files/74956108/f-cissp2.r14
http://rapidshare.com/files/74956735/f-cissp2.r15
http://rapidshare.com/files/74957404/f-cissp2.r16
http://rapidshare.com/files/74958105/f-cissp2.r17
http://rapidshare.com/files/74958722/f-cissp2.r18
http://rapidshare.com/files/74959366/f-cissp2.r19
http://rapidshare.com/files/74959919/f-cissp2.r20
http://rapidshare.com/files/74960507/f-cissp2.r21
http://rapidshare.com/files/74961120/f-cissp2.r22
http://rapidshare.com/files/74961750/f-cissp2.r23
http://rapidshare.com/files/74962322/f-cissp2.r24
http://rapidshare.com/files/74962866/f-cissp2.r25
http://rapidshare.com/files/74963439/f-cissp2.r26
http://rapidshare.com/files/74964033/f-cissp2.r27
http://rapidshare.com/files/74964631/f-cissp2.r28
http://rapidshare.com/files/74964710/f-cissp2.r29
http://rapidshare.com/files/74965240/f-cissp2.rar
100 Linux Tips And Tricks PDF
00 Linux Tips and Tricks" is divided into 5 chapters. Each chapter covers a specific topic:
* Chapter 2 covers installation of Linux. These are tips and tricks useful when installing Linux itself or any new program. Some tips will cover new means of installing Linux on non-typical hardware, others will explain how to take Linux distributions from an FTP server and make your own CD-ROM with them, or where to find Linux CD-ROMs for as little as $2.
* Chapter 3 covers hardware related matters. You will learn tips there on how to get your non-PostScript compatible printer to work, or how to get a sound card detected.
* Chapter 4 covers software. You will find tips there about all kinds of Linux software, including where to find and how to install the Java Development Kit port, and everything about the Pine mail and news program.
* Chapter 5 covers networking in all its forms. There you will see how to setup a PPP connection quickly, without editing all of the configuration files yourself, as well as some nice programs that were made to ease dialup procedures. You will also see tricks on how to make your local LAN network without unexpected problems.
* Chapter 6 is the last chapter but covers an important part of Linux: development. Here you will find a lot of tips on how to write powerful scripts to make your system easier to handle, and a full overview of what to do and what you don't want to do in C to avoid problems like memory leaks, and how to allow easy scalability.
http://rapidshare.com/files/74129370/100_linux_tips_and_tricks.pdf
* Chapter 2 covers installation of Linux. These are tips and tricks useful when installing Linux itself or any new program. Some tips will cover new means of installing Linux on non-typical hardware, others will explain how to take Linux distributions from an FTP server and make your own CD-ROM with them, or where to find Linux CD-ROMs for as little as $2.
* Chapter 3 covers hardware related matters. You will learn tips there on how to get your non-PostScript compatible printer to work, or how to get a sound card detected.
* Chapter 4 covers software. You will find tips there about all kinds of Linux software, including where to find and how to install the Java Development Kit port, and everything about the Pine mail and news program.
* Chapter 5 covers networking in all its forms. There you will see how to setup a PPP connection quickly, without editing all of the configuration files yourself, as well as some nice programs that were made to ease dialup procedures. You will also see tricks on how to make your local LAN network without unexpected problems.
* Chapter 6 is the last chapter but covers an important part of Linux: development. Here you will find a lot of tips on how to write powerful scripts to make your system easier to handle, and a full overview of what to do and what you don't want to do in C to avoid problems like memory leaks, and how to allow easy scalability.
http://rapidshare.com/files/74129370/100_linux_tips_and_tricks.pdf
Registry Tricks To Increase Broadband Internet Speeds
This tutorial is meant for increasing the performance of Broadband Internet speeds.
Note: Most of the articles include registry changes. Please take a back-up of registry before attempting any registry changes so that you can revert back if something goes wrong.
Just copy paste following code in Notepad and save the file with any name but the extension of the file must be .REG, and after that run the file:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters]
"NegativeCacheTime"=dword:00000000
"NetFailureCacheTime"=dword:00000000
"NegativeSOACacheTime"=dword:00000000
"CacheHashTableBucketSize"=dword:00000001
"CacheHashTableSize"=dword:00000180
"MaxCacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000fa00
"MaxSOACacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000012d
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings]
"MaxConnectionsPerServer"=dword:00000040
"MaxConnectionsPer1_0Server"=dword:00000040
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings]
"MaxConnectionsPer1_0Server"=dword:0000000a
"MaxConnectionsPerServer"=dword:0000000a
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\ServiceProvider]
"DnsPriority"=dword:00000007
"HostsPriority"=dword:00000006
"LocalPriority"=dword:00000005
"NetbtPriority"=dword:00000008
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Psched]
"NonBestEffortLimit"=dword:00000000
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanworkstation\parameters]
"MaxCmds"=dword:00000064
"MaxThreads"=dword:00000064
"MaxCollectionCount"=dword:0000006
Note: Most of the articles include registry changes. Please take a back-up of registry before attempting any registry changes so that you can revert back if something goes wrong.
Just copy paste following code in Notepad and save the file with any name but the extension of the file must be .REG, and after that run the file:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters]
"NegativeCacheTime"=dword:00000000
"NetFailureCacheTime"=dword:00000000
"NegativeSOACacheTime"=dword:00000000
"CacheHashTableBucketSize"=dword:00000001
"CacheHashTableSize"=dword:00000180
"MaxCacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000fa00
"MaxSOACacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000012d
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings]
"MaxConnectionsPerServer"=dword:00000040
"MaxConnectionsPer1_0Server"=dword:00000040
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings]
"MaxConnectionsPer1_0Server"=dword:0000000a
"MaxConnectionsPerServer"=dword:0000000a
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\ServiceProvider]
"DnsPriority"=dword:00000007
"HostsPriority"=dword:00000006
"LocalPriority"=dword:00000005
"NetbtPriority"=dword:00000008
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Psched]
"NonBestEffortLimit"=dword:00000000
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\lanmanworkstation\parameters]
"MaxCmds"=dword:00000064
"MaxThreads"=dword:00000064
"MaxCollectionCount"=dword:0000006
CCNA v4 (CCNA Discovery & CCNA Exploration +PacketTracer)
Welcome to a preview of our recently released CCNA Discovery and CCNA Exploration curricula. The English version of CCNA Discovery courses Networking for Home and Small Businesses and Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP, and CCNA Exploration courses Network Fundamentals and Routing Protocols and Concepts, are now available.
CCNA Discovery
CCNA Discovery teaches networking based on application. It helps students develop foundational knowledge and experience, which can be applied toward entry-level careers in IT and networking.
CCNA Exploration
CCNA Exploration teaches networking based on technology. It covers protocols and theory at deeper levels to help students succeed in networking-related degree programs and a range of professions.
http://rapidshare.com/files/50344409/CoCoNoA_v4_.part01.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50344584/CoCoNoA_v4_.part02.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50344800/CoCoNoA_v4_.part03.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50344959/CoCoNoA_v4_.part04.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345175/CoCoNoA_v4_.part05.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345352/CoCoNoA_v4_.part06.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345506/CoCoNoA_v4_.part07.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345627/CoCoNoA_v4_.part08.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345755/CoCoNoA_v4_.part09.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345869/CoCoNoA_v4_.part10.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346000/CoCoNoA_v4_.part11.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346105/CoCoNoA_v4_.part12.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346193/CoCoNoA_v4_.part13.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346336/CoCoNoA_v4_.part14.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346467/CoCoNoA_v4_.part15.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346566/CoCoNoA_v4_.part16.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346673/CoCoNoA_v4_.part17.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346788/CoCoNoA_v4_.part18.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346891/CoCoNoA_v4_.part19.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50347043/CoCoNoA_v4_.part20.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50347190/CoCoNoA_v4_.part21.rar
CCNA Discovery
CCNA Discovery teaches networking based on application. It helps students develop foundational knowledge and experience, which can be applied toward entry-level careers in IT and networking.
CCNA Exploration
CCNA Exploration teaches networking based on technology. It covers protocols and theory at deeper levels to help students succeed in networking-related degree programs and a range of professions.
http://rapidshare.com/files/50344409/CoCoNoA_v4_.part01.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50344584/CoCoNoA_v4_.part02.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50344800/CoCoNoA_v4_.part03.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50344959/CoCoNoA_v4_.part04.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345175/CoCoNoA_v4_.part05.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345352/CoCoNoA_v4_.part06.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345506/CoCoNoA_v4_.part07.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345627/CoCoNoA_v4_.part08.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345755/CoCoNoA_v4_.part09.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50345869/CoCoNoA_v4_.part10.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346000/CoCoNoA_v4_.part11.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346105/CoCoNoA_v4_.part12.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346193/CoCoNoA_v4_.part13.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346336/CoCoNoA_v4_.part14.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346467/CoCoNoA_v4_.part15.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346566/CoCoNoA_v4_.part16.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346673/CoCoNoA_v4_.part17.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346788/CoCoNoA_v4_.part18.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50346891/CoCoNoA_v4_.part19.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50347043/CoCoNoA_v4_.part20.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/50347190/CoCoNoA_v4_.part21.rar
Sunday, December 9, 2007
Mcse faq
FSMO ROLES
1) While Active Directory is a distributed system, some servers only carry out specific roles. If something happens to this server or you need a more substantial server to handle a particular role, you must know which servers are handling each role.
There are five FSMO roles:
• PDC emulator (one per domain): This role allows Windows Server 2003 to act as a Windows NT primary domain controller (PDC), and it provides replication support for Windows NT-based backup domain controllers (BDCs). In addition, this role assists with time and group policy synchronization.
• Infrastructure master (one per domain): This role is responsible for updating the group-to-user references whenever the members of groups change or receive new names.
• Relative ID (RID) master (one per domain): This role ensures that every object created has a unique identification number.
• Schema master (one per forest): This role is responsible for maintaining and modifying the Active Directory schema.
• Domain naming master (one per forest): This role is responsible for the addition and deletion of domains in a forest.
How can you determine which servers hold these roles in an Active Directory forest? To find the PDC emulator, the infrastructure master, and the RID master, follows these steps:
1. Go to Start | Administrative Tools | Active Directory Users and Computers.
2. Right-click the domain and select Operations Master.
The resulting three tabs will show you which server holds each respective role.
To find the schema master, follow these steps:
1. Go to Start | Run.
2. Enter regsvr32 schmmgmt.dll in the Open text box, and click OK.
3. Go to Start | Run.
4. Enter mmc in the Open text box, and click OK.
5. Go to File | Add/Remove Snap-In, and click Add.
6. Click Active Directory Schema, click Add, click Close, and click OK.
7. Right-click Active Directory Schema and select Operations Master from the shortcut menu.
To find the domain naming master, follow these steps:
1. Go to Start | Administrative Tools | Active Directory Domains and Trusts.
2. Right-click Active Directory Domains and Trusts, and select Operations Master from the list.
Transferring the RID Master, PDC Emulator, and Infrastructure Masters via GUI
To Transfer the Domain-Specific RID Master, PDC Emulator, and Infrastructure Master FSMO Roles:
1. Open the Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in from the Administrative Tools folder.
2. If you are NOT logged onto the target domain controller, in the snap-in, right-click the icon next to Active Directory Users and Computers and press Connect to Domain Controller.
3. Select the domain controller that will be the new role holder, the target, and press OK.
4. Right-click the Active Directory Users and Computers icon again and press Operation Masters.
5. Select the appropriate tab for the role you wish to transfer and press the Change button.
6. Press OK to confirm the change.
7. Press OK all the way out.
DHCP LEASE PROCESS
1. Discover: The host will initially send a broadcast in an attempt to discover a DHCP server on the network.
2. Offer: The DHCP server will 'see' the workstation looking for the DHCP service and respond with an 'offer', which is an IP address.
3. Request: The client will receive the 'offer' and, in most cases, will accept it. This means it sends an 'official request' for the same IP address offered previously by the server.
4. Accept: The DHCP server will complete the transaction by sending an 'accept' message and marking the particular IP address for the specific host.
DHCP SERVER- Dynamic host configuration protocol is used to automatically assign TCP/IP addresses to clients along with the correct subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server.
169.254.0.0 -169.254.255.255-APIPA Address
BOOTP- short for Bootstrap Protocol is a UDP network protocol used by a network client to obtain its IP address automatically. This is usually done during the bootstrap process when a computer is starting up. The BOOTP servers assign the IP address from a pool of addresses to each client.
BOOTP/DHCP differences
There are significant differences in the way in which BOOTP and DHCP perform host configuration. The following table compares and contrasts the features of the two protocols that vary.
BOOTP DHCP
Designed prior to DHCP. Designed after BOOTP.
Intended to configure diskless workstations with limited boot capabilities. Intended to configure frequently relocated networked computers (such as portables) that have local hard drives and full boot capabilities.
Dynamic BOOTP has default 30-day expiration on IP address leases. DHCP has default eight-day expiration on IP address leases.
Supports a limited number of client configuration parameters called vendor extensions. Supports a larger and extensible set of client configuration parameters called options.
Describes a two-phase bootstrap configuration process, as follows:
• Clients contact BOOTP servers to perform address determination and boot file name selection.
• Clients contact Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) servers to perform file transfer of their boot image.
Describes a single-phase boot configuration process whereby a DHCP client negotiates with a DHCP server to determine its IP address and obtain any other initial configuration details it needs for network operation.
BOOTP clients do not rebind or renew configuration with the BOOTP server except when the system restarts. DHCP clients do not require a system restart to rebind or renew configuration with the DHCP server. Instead, clients automatically enter a rebinding state at set timed intervals to renew their leased address allocation with the DHCP server. This process occurs in the background and is transparent to the user.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address.
RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping a physical machine address to Internet Protocol address (IP address).
DHCP Relay Agent
The DHCP Relay Agent component is a Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) relay agent that relays Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) messages between DHCP clients and DHCP servers on different IP networks. The DHCP Relay Agent is compliant with RFC 1542. You cannot use the DHCP Relay Agent component on a computer running the DHCP service. BOOTP is a host configuration protocol developed before DHCP that was designed to configure diskless workstations with limited boot capabilities
RAID types
RAID-0: RAID-0 is called disk "striping". All the data is spread out in chunks across all the disks in the RAID set. RAID-0 has great performance, because you spread out the load of storing data onto more physical drives. There is no parity generated for RAID-0. Therefore there is no overhead to write data to RAID-0 disks. RAID-0 is only good for better performance, and not for high availability, since parity is not generated for RAID-0 disks. RAID-0 requires at least two physical disks.
RAID-1: RAID-1 is called disk mirroring. All the data is written to at least two separate physical disks. The disks are essentially mirror images of each other. If one of the disks fails, the other can be used to retrieve data. Disk mirroring is good for very fast read operations. It's slower when writing to the disks, since the data needs to be written twice. RAID-1 requires at least two physical disks.
RAID-5: RAID-5 uses disk striping with parity. The data is striped across all the disks in the RAID set, along with the parity information needed to reconstruct the data in case of disk failure. RAID-5 is the most common method used, since it achieves a good balance between performance and availability. RAID-5 requires at least three physical disks.
How do I Backup Active Directory?
Backing up Active Directory is essential to maintain an Active Directory database. You can back up Active Directory by using the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and command-line tools that the Windows Server 2003 family provides.
You frequently backup the system state data on domain controllers so that you can restore the most current data. By establishing a regular backup schedule, you have a better chance of recovering data when necessary.
To ensure a good backup includes at least the system state data and contents of the system disk, you must be aware of the tombstone lifetime. By default, the tombstone is 60 days. Any backup older than 60 days is not a good backup. Plan to backup at least two domain controllers in each domain, one of at least one backup to enable an authoritative restore of the data when necessary.
System State Data
Several features in the windows server 2003 family make it easy to backup Active Directory. You can backup Active Directory while the server is online and other network function can continue to function.
System state data on a domain controller includes the following components:
• Active Directory system state data does not contain Active Directory unless the server, on which you are backing up the system state data, is a domain controller. Active Directory is present only on domain controllers.
• The SYSVOL shared folder: This shared folder contains Group policy templates and logon scripts. The SYSVOL shared folder is present only on domain controllers.
• The Registry: This database repository contains information about the computer's configuration.
• System startup files: Windows Server 2003 requires these files during its initial startup phase. They include the boot and system files that are under windows file protection and used by windows to load, configure, and run the operating system.
• The COM+ Class Registration database: The Class registration is a database of information about Component Services applications.
• The Certificate Services database: This database contains certificates that a server running Windows server 2003 uses to authenticate users. The Certificate Services database is present only if the server is operating as a certificate server.
System state data contains most elements of a system's configuration, but it may not include all of the information that you require recovering data from a system failure. Therefore, be sure to backup all boot and system volumes, including the System State, when you back up your server.
BOOT PROCESS-XP, 2000, 2003
First is the POST, this stands for Power on Self Test, for the computer. This process tests memory as well as a number of other subsystems. You can usually monitor this as it runs each test. After that is complete the system will run POST for any device that has BIOS (Basic Input-Output System). An AGP has its own BIOS, as do some network cards and various other devices.
Once the POST is complete and the BIOS is sure that everything is working properly, the BIOS will then attempt to read the MBR (Master Boot Record). This is the first sector of the first hard drive (called the Master or HD0). When the MBR takes over it means that Windows is now in control.
The MBR looks at the BOOT SECTOR (the first sector of the active partition). That is where NTLDR is located; NTLDR is the BOOT LOADER for Windows XP. NTLDR will allow memory addressing, initiate the file system, read the boot.ini and load the boot menu. NTLDR has to be in the root of the active partition as do NTDETECT.COM, BOOT.INI, BOOTSECT.DOS (for multi-OS booting) and NTBOOTDD.SYS (if you have SCSI adapters)
Once XP is selected from the Boot Menu, NTLDR will run NTDETECT.COM, BOOT.INI and BOOTSECT.DOS to get the proper OS selected and loaded. The system starts in 16-bit real mode and then moves into 32-bit protected mode.
NTLDR will then load NTOSKRNL.EXE and HAL.DLL. Effectively, these two files are windows XP. They must be located in %SystemRoot%System32.
NTLDR reads the registry, chooses a hardware profile and authorizes device drivers, in that exact order.
At this point NTOSKRNL.EXE takes over. It starts WINLOGON.EXE that in turn starts LSASS.EXE; this is the program that displays the Logon screen so that you can logon.
Sample Boot.ini File
This is a sample of a default Boot.ini file from a Windows XP Professional computer.
[boot loader]
timeout=30
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fast detect
TYPES OF WINDOWS 2003
Standard Edition-4 processors with up to 4 GB RAM
Enterprise Edition-eight processors with up to 32 GB memory.
Datacenter Edition-32 processors with up to 64 GB RAM.
Web Edition-supports a maximum of 2 processors with support for a maximum of 2GB of RAM
The Five IP Address Classes
Class A networks have a beginning octet of 1 - 126.
Class B networks have a beginning octet of 128-191.
Class C networks have a beginning octet of 192 - 223.
Class C networks have a beginning octet of 224 – 239.
Class C networks have a beginning octet of 224.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255
What are the benefits of using DHCP?
A. DHCP provides the following benefits for administering your TCP/IP-based network:
• Reliable configuration
DHCP avoids configuration errors caused by the need to manually type in values at each computer. Also, DHCP helps prevent address conflicts caused by a previously assigned IP address being reused to configure a new computer on the network.
• Reduces configuration management
Using DHCP servers can greatly decrease time spent configuring and reconfiguring computers on your network. Servers can be configured to supply a full range of additional configuration values when assigning address leases. These values are assigned using DHCP options.
The DHCP lease renewal process helps assure that where client configurations need to be updated often (such as users with mobile or portable computers who change locations frequently), these changes can be made efficiently and automatically by clients communicating directly with DHCP servers.
What protocols and ports does DHCP traffic use?
All DHCP traffic uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Messages from the DHCP client to the DHCP server use UDP source port 68 and UDP destination port 67. Messages from the DHCP server to the DHCP client use UDP source port 67 and UDP destination port 68.
Backing up the DHCP database
Maintaining a backup of the DHCP database protects you from data loss if the DHCP database is lost (for example, due to hard disk failure) or becomes corrupted. There are three backup methods supported by the DHCP Server service:
• Synchronous backups that occur automatically. The default backup interval is 60 minutes.
• Asynchronous (manual) backups, performed by using the Backup command on the DHCP console. For more information about asynchronous backups, see back up the DHCP database.
• Backups using Windows Backup (ntbackup.exe) or non-Microsoft backup software. For more information about Windows Backup, see Backup.
To move a DHCP database to another server
This topic provides details on how to move a DHCP database from one server computer (the source server) to another server computer (the destination server).
To back up the DHCP database (at the source server)
1. Open DHCP.
2. In the console tree, click the applicable DHCP server.
3. On the Action menu, click Backup.
4. In the Browse for Folder dialog box, select the folder that will contain the backup DHCP database, and then click OK.
5. Stop the DHCP server.
This prevents the server from assigning new address leases to clients after the database has been backed up.
For more information, see Start or stop a DHCP server.
6. Disable the DHCP Server service in the list of services.
This prevents the DHCP server from starting after the database has been transferred. For more information, see Enable or disable a service for a hardware profile.
7. Copy the folder that contains the backup DHCP database to the destination
Group policy- is a feature of Microsoft Windows NT family of operating systems that provides centralized management and configuration of computers and remote users in an Active Directory environment
DNS Query Process
A DNS query is the process of a computer or networking device making an inquiry to get an IP address for a DNS name such as w3.org
The client computer will send a DNS query to one of their internet service provider's DNS servers. The DNS server looks in it's DNS database to tell whether it can answer the query authoritatively. If the DNS server can answer authoritatively, the DNS server answers the query and the DNS query process is complete.
If the server cannot answer the query authoritatively it will look in its DNS cache of previous queries. If the DNS server finds a matching entry in its cache, it will answer the query with a non-authoritative answer based on the information in its cache and the DNS query process is complete.
If the ISP DNS server did not have the DNS information in its DNS database or its DNS cache the DNS query process will use recursion to complete the DNS query. The ISP DNS server will use its root hints file to find information to contact other DNS servers. The root hints file specified DNS servers that are authoritative for the DNS domain root and top level domains in the DNS system. This includes the .com, .org, .net, .gov and other domain types. If the query is for www.w3.org the ISP DNS server would contact an authorititative server for the top level "org" domain and send an iterative query to the org DNS server asking for information about the authoritative server for w3.org. The org domain DNS server responds with the the nameserver information including IP address of the nameserver for w3.org. Then the ISP DNS server sends a query to the w3.org DNS server asking for the IP address of www.w3c.org. The w3.org DNS server sends an authoritative answer back to the ISP DNS server which is cached in the ISP DNS server cache and also sent to the client computer.
If another client computer later does a request for information about www.w3.org the ISP DNS server has the information in its cache and will not neet to ask other DNS servers for additional information.
1) While Active Directory is a distributed system, some servers only carry out specific roles. If something happens to this server or you need a more substantial server to handle a particular role, you must know which servers are handling each role.
There are five FSMO roles:
• PDC emulator (one per domain): This role allows Windows Server 2003 to act as a Windows NT primary domain controller (PDC), and it provides replication support for Windows NT-based backup domain controllers (BDCs). In addition, this role assists with time and group policy synchronization.
• Infrastructure master (one per domain): This role is responsible for updating the group-to-user references whenever the members of groups change or receive new names.
• Relative ID (RID) master (one per domain): This role ensures that every object created has a unique identification number.
• Schema master (one per forest): This role is responsible for maintaining and modifying the Active Directory schema.
• Domain naming master (one per forest): This role is responsible for the addition and deletion of domains in a forest.
How can you determine which servers hold these roles in an Active Directory forest? To find the PDC emulator, the infrastructure master, and the RID master, follows these steps:
1. Go to Start | Administrative Tools | Active Directory Users and Computers.
2. Right-click the domain and select Operations Master.
The resulting three tabs will show you which server holds each respective role.
To find the schema master, follow these steps:
1. Go to Start | Run.
2. Enter regsvr32 schmmgmt.dll in the Open text box, and click OK.
3. Go to Start | Run.
4. Enter mmc in the Open text box, and click OK.
5. Go to File | Add/Remove Snap-In, and click Add.
6. Click Active Directory Schema, click Add, click Close, and click OK.
7. Right-click Active Directory Schema and select Operations Master from the shortcut menu.
To find the domain naming master, follow these steps:
1. Go to Start | Administrative Tools | Active Directory Domains and Trusts.
2. Right-click Active Directory Domains and Trusts, and select Operations Master from the list.
Transferring the RID Master, PDC Emulator, and Infrastructure Masters via GUI
To Transfer the Domain-Specific RID Master, PDC Emulator, and Infrastructure Master FSMO Roles:
1. Open the Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in from the Administrative Tools folder.
2. If you are NOT logged onto the target domain controller, in the snap-in, right-click the icon next to Active Directory Users and Computers and press Connect to Domain Controller.
3. Select the domain controller that will be the new role holder, the target, and press OK.
4. Right-click the Active Directory Users and Computers icon again and press Operation Masters.
5. Select the appropriate tab for the role you wish to transfer and press the Change button.
6. Press OK to confirm the change.
7. Press OK all the way out.
DHCP LEASE PROCESS
1. Discover: The host will initially send a broadcast in an attempt to discover a DHCP server on the network.
2. Offer: The DHCP server will 'see' the workstation looking for the DHCP service and respond with an 'offer', which is an IP address.
3. Request: The client will receive the 'offer' and, in most cases, will accept it. This means it sends an 'official request' for the same IP address offered previously by the server.
4. Accept: The DHCP server will complete the transaction by sending an 'accept' message and marking the particular IP address for the specific host.
DHCP SERVER- Dynamic host configuration protocol is used to automatically assign TCP/IP addresses to clients along with the correct subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server.
169.254.0.0 -169.254.255.255-APIPA Address
BOOTP- short for Bootstrap Protocol is a UDP network protocol used by a network client to obtain its IP address automatically. This is usually done during the bootstrap process when a computer is starting up. The BOOTP servers assign the IP address from a pool of addresses to each client.
BOOTP/DHCP differences
There are significant differences in the way in which BOOTP and DHCP perform host configuration. The following table compares and contrasts the features of the two protocols that vary.
BOOTP DHCP
Designed prior to DHCP. Designed after BOOTP.
Intended to configure diskless workstations with limited boot capabilities. Intended to configure frequently relocated networked computers (such as portables) that have local hard drives and full boot capabilities.
Dynamic BOOTP has default 30-day expiration on IP address leases. DHCP has default eight-day expiration on IP address leases.
Supports a limited number of client configuration parameters called vendor extensions. Supports a larger and extensible set of client configuration parameters called options.
Describes a two-phase bootstrap configuration process, as follows:
• Clients contact BOOTP servers to perform address determination and boot file name selection.
• Clients contact Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) servers to perform file transfer of their boot image.
Describes a single-phase boot configuration process whereby a DHCP client negotiates with a DHCP server to determine its IP address and obtain any other initial configuration details it needs for network operation.
BOOTP clients do not rebind or renew configuration with the BOOTP server except when the system restarts. DHCP clients do not require a system restart to rebind or renew configuration with the DHCP server. Instead, clients automatically enter a rebinding state at set timed intervals to renew their leased address allocation with the DHCP server. This process occurs in the background and is transparent to the user.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address.
RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol)
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping a physical machine address to Internet Protocol address (IP address).
DHCP Relay Agent
The DHCP Relay Agent component is a Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) relay agent that relays Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) messages between DHCP clients and DHCP servers on different IP networks. The DHCP Relay Agent is compliant with RFC 1542. You cannot use the DHCP Relay Agent component on a computer running the DHCP service. BOOTP is a host configuration protocol developed before DHCP that was designed to configure diskless workstations with limited boot capabilities
RAID types
RAID-0: RAID-0 is called disk "striping". All the data is spread out in chunks across all the disks in the RAID set. RAID-0 has great performance, because you spread out the load of storing data onto more physical drives. There is no parity generated for RAID-0. Therefore there is no overhead to write data to RAID-0 disks. RAID-0 is only good for better performance, and not for high availability, since parity is not generated for RAID-0 disks. RAID-0 requires at least two physical disks.
RAID-1: RAID-1 is called disk mirroring. All the data is written to at least two separate physical disks. The disks are essentially mirror images of each other. If one of the disks fails, the other can be used to retrieve data. Disk mirroring is good for very fast read operations. It's slower when writing to the disks, since the data needs to be written twice. RAID-1 requires at least two physical disks.
RAID-5: RAID-5 uses disk striping with parity. The data is striped across all the disks in the RAID set, along with the parity information needed to reconstruct the data in case of disk failure. RAID-5 is the most common method used, since it achieves a good balance between performance and availability. RAID-5 requires at least three physical disks.
How do I Backup Active Directory?
Backing up Active Directory is essential to maintain an Active Directory database. You can back up Active Directory by using the Graphical User Interface (GUI) and command-line tools that the Windows Server 2003 family provides.
You frequently backup the system state data on domain controllers so that you can restore the most current data. By establishing a regular backup schedule, you have a better chance of recovering data when necessary.
To ensure a good backup includes at least the system state data and contents of the system disk, you must be aware of the tombstone lifetime. By default, the tombstone is 60 days. Any backup older than 60 days is not a good backup. Plan to backup at least two domain controllers in each domain, one of at least one backup to enable an authoritative restore of the data when necessary.
System State Data
Several features in the windows server 2003 family make it easy to backup Active Directory. You can backup Active Directory while the server is online and other network function can continue to function.
System state data on a domain controller includes the following components:
• Active Directory system state data does not contain Active Directory unless the server, on which you are backing up the system state data, is a domain controller. Active Directory is present only on domain controllers.
• The SYSVOL shared folder: This shared folder contains Group policy templates and logon scripts. The SYSVOL shared folder is present only on domain controllers.
• The Registry: This database repository contains information about the computer's configuration.
• System startup files: Windows Server 2003 requires these files during its initial startup phase. They include the boot and system files that are under windows file protection and used by windows to load, configure, and run the operating system.
• The COM+ Class Registration database: The Class registration is a database of information about Component Services applications.
• The Certificate Services database: This database contains certificates that a server running Windows server 2003 uses to authenticate users. The Certificate Services database is present only if the server is operating as a certificate server.
System state data contains most elements of a system's configuration, but it may not include all of the information that you require recovering data from a system failure. Therefore, be sure to backup all boot and system volumes, including the System State, when you back up your server.
BOOT PROCESS-XP, 2000, 2003
First is the POST, this stands for Power on Self Test, for the computer. This process tests memory as well as a number of other subsystems. You can usually monitor this as it runs each test. After that is complete the system will run POST for any device that has BIOS (Basic Input-Output System). An AGP has its own BIOS, as do some network cards and various other devices.
Once the POST is complete and the BIOS is sure that everything is working properly, the BIOS will then attempt to read the MBR (Master Boot Record). This is the first sector of the first hard drive (called the Master or HD0). When the MBR takes over it means that Windows is now in control.
The MBR looks at the BOOT SECTOR (the first sector of the active partition). That is where NTLDR is located; NTLDR is the BOOT LOADER for Windows XP. NTLDR will allow memory addressing, initiate the file system, read the boot.ini and load the boot menu. NTLDR has to be in the root of the active partition as do NTDETECT.COM, BOOT.INI, BOOTSECT.DOS (for multi-OS booting) and NTBOOTDD.SYS (if you have SCSI adapters)
Once XP is selected from the Boot Menu, NTLDR will run NTDETECT.COM, BOOT.INI and BOOTSECT.DOS to get the proper OS selected and loaded. The system starts in 16-bit real mode and then moves into 32-bit protected mode.
NTLDR will then load NTOSKRNL.EXE and HAL.DLL. Effectively, these two files are windows XP. They must be located in %SystemRoot%System32.
NTLDR reads the registry, chooses a hardware profile and authorizes device drivers, in that exact order.
At this point NTOSKRNL.EXE takes over. It starts WINLOGON.EXE that in turn starts LSASS.EXE; this is the program that displays the Logon screen so that you can logon.
Sample Boot.ini File
This is a sample of a default Boot.ini file from a Windows XP Professional computer.
[boot loader]
timeout=30
default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS
[operating systems]
multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fast detect
TYPES OF WINDOWS 2003
Standard Edition-4 processors with up to 4 GB RAM
Enterprise Edition-eight processors with up to 32 GB memory.
Datacenter Edition-32 processors with up to 64 GB RAM.
Web Edition-supports a maximum of 2 processors with support for a maximum of 2GB of RAM
The Five IP Address Classes
Class A networks have a beginning octet of 1 - 126.
Class B networks have a beginning octet of 128-191.
Class C networks have a beginning octet of 192 - 223.
Class C networks have a beginning octet of 224 – 239.
Class C networks have a beginning octet of 224.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255
What are the benefits of using DHCP?
A. DHCP provides the following benefits for administering your TCP/IP-based network:
• Reliable configuration
DHCP avoids configuration errors caused by the need to manually type in values at each computer. Also, DHCP helps prevent address conflicts caused by a previously assigned IP address being reused to configure a new computer on the network.
• Reduces configuration management
Using DHCP servers can greatly decrease time spent configuring and reconfiguring computers on your network. Servers can be configured to supply a full range of additional configuration values when assigning address leases. These values are assigned using DHCP options.
The DHCP lease renewal process helps assure that where client configurations need to be updated often (such as users with mobile or portable computers who change locations frequently), these changes can be made efficiently and automatically by clients communicating directly with DHCP servers.
What protocols and ports does DHCP traffic use?
All DHCP traffic uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Messages from the DHCP client to the DHCP server use UDP source port 68 and UDP destination port 67. Messages from the DHCP server to the DHCP client use UDP source port 67 and UDP destination port 68.
Backing up the DHCP database
Maintaining a backup of the DHCP database protects you from data loss if the DHCP database is lost (for example, due to hard disk failure) or becomes corrupted. There are three backup methods supported by the DHCP Server service:
• Synchronous backups that occur automatically. The default backup interval is 60 minutes.
• Asynchronous (manual) backups, performed by using the Backup command on the DHCP console. For more information about asynchronous backups, see back up the DHCP database.
• Backups using Windows Backup (ntbackup.exe) or non-Microsoft backup software. For more information about Windows Backup, see Backup.
To move a DHCP database to another server
This topic provides details on how to move a DHCP database from one server computer (the source server) to another server computer (the destination server).
To back up the DHCP database (at the source server)
1. Open DHCP.
2. In the console tree, click the applicable DHCP server.
3. On the Action menu, click Backup.
4. In the Browse for Folder dialog box, select the folder that will contain the backup DHCP database, and then click OK.
5. Stop the DHCP server.
This prevents the server from assigning new address leases to clients after the database has been backed up.
For more information, see Start or stop a DHCP server.
6. Disable the DHCP Server service in the list of services.
This prevents the DHCP server from starting after the database has been transferred. For more information, see Enable or disable a service for a hardware profile.
7. Copy the folder that contains the backup DHCP database to the destination
Group policy- is a feature of Microsoft Windows NT family of operating systems that provides centralized management and configuration of computers and remote users in an Active Directory environment
DNS Query Process
A DNS query is the process of a computer or networking device making an inquiry to get an IP address for a DNS name such as w3.org
The client computer will send a DNS query to one of their internet service provider's DNS servers. The DNS server looks in it's DNS database to tell whether it can answer the query authoritatively. If the DNS server can answer authoritatively, the DNS server answers the query and the DNS query process is complete.
If the server cannot answer the query authoritatively it will look in its DNS cache of previous queries. If the DNS server finds a matching entry in its cache, it will answer the query with a non-authoritative answer based on the information in its cache and the DNS query process is complete.
If the ISP DNS server did not have the DNS information in its DNS database or its DNS cache the DNS query process will use recursion to complete the DNS query. The ISP DNS server will use its root hints file to find information to contact other DNS servers. The root hints file specified DNS servers that are authoritative for the DNS domain root and top level domains in the DNS system. This includes the .com, .org, .net, .gov and other domain types. If the query is for www.w3.org the ISP DNS server would contact an authorititative server for the top level "org" domain and send an iterative query to the org DNS server asking for information about the authoritative server for w3.org. The org domain DNS server responds with the the nameserver information including IP address of the nameserver for w3.org. Then the ISP DNS server sends a query to the w3.org DNS server asking for the IP address of www.w3c.org. The w3.org DNS server sends an authoritative answer back to the ISP DNS server which is cached in the ISP DNS server cache and also sent to the client computer.
If another client computer later does a request for information about www.w3.org the ISP DNS server has the information in its cache and will not neet to ask other DNS servers for additional information.
CBT-Cisco CCNA/CCENT-ExamPack 640-822 ICND1/Release10/31/07
Cisco CCNA/CCENT - Exam-Pack 640-822: ICND1
Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1
$299.00 - Includes 31 Videos
The Cisco CCNA/CCENT - Exam-Pack 640-822: ICND1 contains:
Welcome to Cisco CCENT! (free video!)
- Foundations: What is a Network?
- Foundations: Living in the OSI World
- Basic TCP/IP: Addressing Fundamentals
- Basic TCP/IP: TCP and UDP Communication
- Basic TCP/IP: Understanding Port Numbers
- Basic TCP/IP: The Tale of Two Packets
- LANs: Welcome to Ethernet
- LANs: Understanding the Physical Connections
- LANs: Understanding LAN Switches
- LANs: Working with the Cisco Switch IOS (free video!)
- LANs: Initial Setup of a Cisco Switch
- LANs: Configuring Switch Security
- LANs: Configuring Switch Security, Part 2
- LANs: Optimizing and Troubleshooting Switches
- Wireless: Understanding Wireless Networking
- Wireless: Wireless Security and Implementation
- Advanced TCP/IP: Working with Binary
- Advanced TCP/IP: IP Subnetting, Part 1
- Advanced TCP/IP: IP Subnetting, Part 2
- Advanced TCP/IP: IP Subnetting, Part 3
- Routing: Initial Router Configuration
- Routing: SDM and DHCP Server Configuration
- Routing: SDM and DHCP Server Configuration, Part 2
- Routing: Implementing Static Routing
- Routing: Implementing Dynamic Routing with RIP
- Routing: Internet Access with NAT and PAT
- Routing: WAN Connectivity
- Management and Security: Telnet, SSH, and CDP
- Management and Security: File Management
- Last Words for Test Takers
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Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1
$299.00 - Includes 31 Videos
The Cisco CCNA/CCENT - Exam-Pack 640-822: ICND1 contains:
Welcome to Cisco CCENT! (free video!)
- Foundations: What is a Network?
- Foundations: Living in the OSI World
- Basic TCP/IP: Addressing Fundamentals
- Basic TCP/IP: TCP and UDP Communication
- Basic TCP/IP: Understanding Port Numbers
- Basic TCP/IP: The Tale of Two Packets
- LANs: Welcome to Ethernet
- LANs: Understanding the Physical Connections
- LANs: Understanding LAN Switches
- LANs: Working with the Cisco Switch IOS (free video!)
- LANs: Initial Setup of a Cisco Switch
- LANs: Configuring Switch Security
- LANs: Configuring Switch Security, Part 2
- LANs: Optimizing and Troubleshooting Switches
- Wireless: Understanding Wireless Networking
- Wireless: Wireless Security and Implementation
- Advanced TCP/IP: Working with Binary
- Advanced TCP/IP: IP Subnetting, Part 1
- Advanced TCP/IP: IP Subnetting, Part 2
- Advanced TCP/IP: IP Subnetting, Part 3
- Routing: Initial Router Configuration
- Routing: SDM and DHCP Server Configuration
- Routing: SDM and DHCP Server Configuration, Part 2
- Routing: Implementing Static Routing
- Routing: Implementing Dynamic Routing with RIP
- Routing: Internet Access with NAT and PAT
- Routing: WAN Connectivity
- Management and Security: Telnet, SSH, and CDP
- Management and Security: File Management
- Last Words for Test Takers
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VMware Workstation
Use Multiple Operating Systems Concurrently on the Same PC
VMware Workstation 6 makes it simple to create and run multiple virtual machines on your desktop or laptop computer. You can convert an existing physical PC into a VMware virtual machine, or create a new virtual machine from scratch. Each virtual machine represents a complete PC, including the processor, memory, network connections and peripheral ports.
VMware Workstation lets you use your virtual machines to run Windows, Linux and a host of other operating systems side-by-side on the same computer. You can switch between operating systems instantly with a click of a mouse, share files between virtual machines with drag-and-drop functionality and access all the peripheral devices you rely on.
Take Snapshots & Videos of your Virtual Machines
With Workstation, you can take a “snapshot” that preserves the state of a virtual machine so you can return to it at any time. Snapshots are useful when you need to revert your virtual machine to a prior, stable system state. Workstation displays thumbnails of all your snapshots on a single screen, making it easy for you to track and revert to a previously saved snapshot.
You can even use Workstation 6 to record and play video files that capture all changes to a virtual machine over a period of time. This function is exclusive to VMware Workstation and is incredibly useful for software debugging, Help Desk forensics, sales demonstrations and training.
Run an Entire Multi-tier System on a Single Host Computer
Run multi-tier enterprise applications on a single piece of hardware by managing network-connected virtual machines with the Teams feature of Workstation 6. Teams let you create virtual network environments that include client, server and database virtual machines.
With Workstation Teams, you can turn an entire multi-tier environment on and off with a single click of the mouse button. Workstation displays live thumbnails of all connected virtual machines, enabling you to easily identify and switch between the virtual machines associated with a team.
Clone your Virtual Machines to Accelerate Deployment
Installing operating systems and applications can be time consuming. With clones, you can make many copies of a virtual machine from a single installation and configuration process. This capability makes it fast and simple to distribute standardized computing environments to employees and students, or to create a baseline configuration for testing.
Take Your Virtual Machines With You
New to Workstation 6 is the ability to create and deploy secure virtual machines (called ACEs) with the ACE Option Pack. Mobility is one of the primary benefits of this option pack, as it enables users to securely take their desktops with them on portable media devices such as USB thumb drives.
Download :
Code: Select all
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VMware Workstation 6 makes it simple to create and run multiple virtual machines on your desktop or laptop computer. You can convert an existing physical PC into a VMware virtual machine, or create a new virtual machine from scratch. Each virtual machine represents a complete PC, including the processor, memory, network connections and peripheral ports.
VMware Workstation lets you use your virtual machines to run Windows, Linux and a host of other operating systems side-by-side on the same computer. You can switch between operating systems instantly with a click of a mouse, share files between virtual machines with drag-and-drop functionality and access all the peripheral devices you rely on.
Take Snapshots & Videos of your Virtual Machines
With Workstation, you can take a “snapshot” that preserves the state of a virtual machine so you can return to it at any time. Snapshots are useful when you need to revert your virtual machine to a prior, stable system state. Workstation displays thumbnails of all your snapshots on a single screen, making it easy for you to track and revert to a previously saved snapshot.
You can even use Workstation 6 to record and play video files that capture all changes to a virtual machine over a period of time. This function is exclusive to VMware Workstation and is incredibly useful for software debugging, Help Desk forensics, sales demonstrations and training.
Run an Entire Multi-tier System on a Single Host Computer
Run multi-tier enterprise applications on a single piece of hardware by managing network-connected virtual machines with the Teams feature of Workstation 6. Teams let you create virtual network environments that include client, server and database virtual machines.
With Workstation Teams, you can turn an entire multi-tier environment on and off with a single click of the mouse button. Workstation displays live thumbnails of all connected virtual machines, enabling you to easily identify and switch between the virtual machines associated with a team.
Clone your Virtual Machines to Accelerate Deployment
Installing operating systems and applications can be time consuming. With clones, you can make many copies of a virtual machine from a single installation and configuration process. This capability makes it fast and simple to distribute standardized computing environments to employees and students, or to create a baseline configuration for testing.
Take Your Virtual Machines With You
New to Workstation 6 is the ability to create and deploy secure virtual machines (called ACEs) with the ACE Option Pack. Mobility is one of the primary benefits of this option pack, as it enables users to securely take their desktops with them on portable media devices such as USB thumb drives.
Download :
Code: Select all
http://www.vmware.com/download/ws/
Keymaker (Only Windows OS) By REA Team :
VMware 6.x :
http://www.megaupload.com/?d=QEHF90M2yeriver
VMware.VirtualCenter.v2.0.2 $ 5.750 Soft
VMware.VirtualCenter.v2.0.2 $ 5.750 Soft
VirtualCenter Management Server 2 is the central control node for configuring, provisioning and managing virtualized IT environments. It includes VirtualCenter Database, which is used to store persistent information about the physical servers, resource pools and virtual machines managed by the VirtualCenterManagement Server.
VirtualCenter Management Server is required to use VMware VMotion, DRS, HA and Consolidated Backup components. First-time buyers of these components will need to purchase a license for VirtualCenter Management Server.
Support and Subscription services are required with the purchase of any VMware Infrastructure 3 solution.
Manage, Automate and Optimize your IT Infrastructure
Achieve the highest levels of efficiency, automation, simplicity and security in managing a virtualized IT environment of any size with VMware VirtualCenter. VirtualCenter lets you rapidly provision virtual machines and monitor performance of physical servers and virtual machines. VirtualCenter intelligently optimizes resources, ensures high availability to all applications in virtual machines and makes your IT environment more responsive with virtualization-based distributed services such as VMware DRS, VMware High Availability (HA) and VMware VMotion.
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VirtualCenter Management Server 2 is the central control node for configuring, provisioning and managing virtualized IT environments. It includes VirtualCenter Database, which is used to store persistent information about the physical servers, resource pools and virtual machines managed by the VirtualCenterManagement Server.
VirtualCenter Management Server is required to use VMware VMotion, DRS, HA and Consolidated Backup components. First-time buyers of these components will need to purchase a license for VirtualCenter Management Server.
Support and Subscription services are required with the purchase of any VMware Infrastructure 3 solution.
Manage, Automate and Optimize your IT Infrastructure
Achieve the highest levels of efficiency, automation, simplicity and security in managing a virtualized IT environment of any size with VMware VirtualCenter. VirtualCenter lets you rapidly provision virtual machines and monitor performance of physical servers and virtual machines. VirtualCenter intelligently optimizes resources, ensures high availability to all applications in virtual machines and makes your IT environment more responsive with virtualization-based distributed services such as VMware DRS, VMware High Availability (HA) and VMware VMotion.
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Unix Cbt Solaris 10 Online..watch online
Unix Cbt Solaris 10 Online.
Here is the link to watch UNIX-CBT Solaris 10 online
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Here is the link to watch UNIX-CBT Solaris 10 online
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Server Support Interview Questions-Part-2
1) How to enable telnet in Windows ?
2) What are the different types of Terminal Services ?
3) What is the diff between Application mode and Administration mode ?
4) What is Licensing in Terminal Services?
5) What is FSMO roles and explain ?
6) I have a Global Catalog server in Server1, and want to make the same server as a Infrasture Master. Can i go ahead with that ? Explain.
7) How to publish a web site in IIS?
8) How to deploy a patches to the systems ?
9) What are the tools available for Patch Deployments ?
10) Difference between Differential and Incremental Backup ?
11) What is DHCP Option, Server Options?
12) How to take backup in Group Policy?
13) Which component is used for replication between the sites?
14) How to take the backup DHCP data while DHCP SERVER is running?
15) What is new features in Windows 2003 DNS?
16) What are new ADS features in 2003 ?
17) You are having high configuration server SERVER1 and additional domain controller with less configuration serv2, serv3. When the 1000 users login into their computer, all login traffic goes to serv2 and serv3. so the server serv2 and serv3 get hung. How do you redirect the logon traffic to SERVER1?
18) What is the procedure to restore the data in ADS?
19) What is the use of ntdsutil command ?
20) Which command helps to find the server for FSMO roles ?
21) What are the protocol supports for Replication ?
22) What is the expantion of .Dit ? Scalable size of NTDS in 2k3?
23) What are the partitions available in AD?
24) What are the two types of replications?
25) What is KCC ? What is the function of the KCC?
26) What are the two trust protocols 2k3 using ?
27) What are the trust relations available in 2k3?
28)What are the protocols used on replication?
29) What is the default time delay on replication?
30) What Different tables available in NTDS database?
31) Where is the FRS logs stored in and what is the database engine name?
32) What is tombstone object in AD? What is it’s life time?
33) What are the functions of GC?
34) What is Global catalog and GC server?
35) What are the domain functional levels in 2k3?
36) What is the hierarchy of applying Gpo in 2k3?
2) What are the different types of Terminal Services ?
3) What is the diff between Application mode and Administration mode ?
4) What is Licensing in Terminal Services?
5) What is FSMO roles and explain ?
6) I have a Global Catalog server in Server1, and want to make the same server as a Infrasture Master. Can i go ahead with that ? Explain.
7) How to publish a web site in IIS?
8) How to deploy a patches to the systems ?
9) What are the tools available for Patch Deployments ?
10) Difference between Differential and Incremental Backup ?
11) What is DHCP Option, Server Options?
12) How to take backup in Group Policy?
13) Which component is used for replication between the sites?
14) How to take the backup DHCP data while DHCP SERVER is running?
15) What is new features in Windows 2003 DNS?
16) What are new ADS features in 2003 ?
17) You are having high configuration server SERVER1 and additional domain controller with less configuration serv2, serv3. When the 1000 users login into their computer, all login traffic goes to serv2 and serv3. so the server serv2 and serv3 get hung. How do you redirect the logon traffic to SERVER1?
18) What is the procedure to restore the data in ADS?
19) What is the use of ntdsutil command ?
20) Which command helps to find the server for FSMO roles ?
21) What are the protocol supports for Replication ?
22) What is the expantion of .Dit ? Scalable size of NTDS in 2k3?
23) What are the partitions available in AD?
24) What are the two types of replications?
25) What is KCC ? What is the function of the KCC?
26) What are the two trust protocols 2k3 using ?
27) What are the trust relations available in 2k3?
28)What are the protocols used on replication?
29) What is the default time delay on replication?
30) What Different tables available in NTDS database?
31) Where is the FRS logs stored in and what is the database engine name?
32) What is tombstone object in AD? What is it’s life time?
33) What are the functions of GC?
34) What is Global catalog and GC server?
35) What are the domain functional levels in 2k3?
36) What is the hierarchy of applying Gpo in 2k3?
Sanjo thomas-Active Directory Interview Questions
link for active directory interview question by sanjo thomas
http://rapidshare.com/files/65719164/AD_Modified.pdf.html
http://rapidshare.com/files/65719164/AD_Modified.pdf.html
Server Support Interview Questions-Part-1
1 what is the difrences btwen 2k , 2k3 and xp?
2. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF DHCP?
3. HOW DHCP CONFIGURE?
4. What is the new major feature introduced in Exchange 2003, which was not included in Exchange 2000?
5. How can you recover a deleted mail box ?
6. what is the use of ESUtil.exe ?
7. What are the port Numbers for pop3, imap, smtp port, smtp over ssl, pop3 over ssl, imap over ssl ?
8. Difference between Exchance 2003 and 2007?
9. what is RPC over Http ?
10. What is required for using RPC over Https with MS Outlook ?
11. If you have deleted the user, after you recreated the same user. How you will give the access of previous mail box ?
12. What are the prequisite for installation of Exchange Server ?
13. What is the use of NNTP with exchange ?
14. If NNTP service get stoped, what features of exchange will be effected ?
15. Which protocol is used for Public Folder ?
16. How will take backup of Active Directory ?
17. What are the content of System State backup ?
18. 1.boot process in windows nt/xp/2000/2003
19. 2.how do you configure memory dump if c:,d:,e: & paging file is configured so and so way?
20. 3.backups ? which is better, why and which to use when?
21. 4.disaster recovery plan?
22. 5.DHCP lease process
23. 6.DNS zones, chronicle records what are they?
24. 7.DHCP relay agent where to place it?
25. 8.what is active directory compared to SAM?
26. 9.what is GC? how many required for A Tree?
27. 10.what is forest?
28. 11.Group policies?
29. 12.FSMO Roles?
30. When you use ping command, how do you recognise DNS/WINS is working ?
31. What is the difference between DNS/WINS ?
32. Do you require WINS in Windows 2000 ? Explain how ?
33. What is Active Directory ?
34 You have parentdomain xyzhq.com and the childdomains INxyz and UKxyz. When you apply a group policy in parent domain zHQ as a domain level, does it applies to its child domain INxyz and UKxyz ?
35. You take a backup on Monday as FULL and Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday as Differential Backup. If your Server Crashes on Friday. Then what are the media tape required to restore the date ? Explain how ?
36. What is Global Catalog Server ?
37. Can GC Server and Infrastructure place in single server ? ifnot explain why ?
38. What is the size of log file which created before updating into ntds.dit and the total number of files ?
39. What does SYSVOL contains ?
40. Which is service in your windows is responsible for replication of Domain controller to another domain controller.
41. How data will travel between sites in ADS replication?
42. What is the port number for SMTP, Kerberos, LDAP, GC Server. ?
43. What Intrasite and Intersite Replication ?
44. What is lost & found folder in ADS ?
45. What is Garbage collection ?
46. What System State data contains ?
47. How do you restore a particular OU which deleted by accidently ?
48. What is IPSec Policy ?
49. What are different types of Group Policy ?
50. What is the order of applying Group Policy ?
51. What are the new features in Windows 2003 related to ADS, Repllication, Trust ?
52. How to edit the Schma in ADS ?
53. What is Domain Local, Global Group, Universal group ?
54. Diff between Global & Universal group ?
55. What are the different types of Terminal Services ?
56. What does mean by root DNS servers?
57. What are the different records in DNS ?
58. What is SOA records ?
59. How does the downlevel clients register it names with DNS server ?
60. What is RsOP ?
61. What is default lease period for DHCP Server?
62. What is the process of DHCP clients for getting the ip address?
63. What is multicaste ?
64. What is superscope ?
65. What is the System Startup process ?
66. What is WINS hybrid & mixed mode?
67. What is Disk Quota ?
68 .What is Active Directory?
69. What is LDAP?
70. Can you connect Active Directory to other 3rd-party Directory Services? Name a few options.
71. Where is the AD database held? What other folders are related to AD?
72. What is the SYSVOL folder?
73. Name the AD NCs and replication issues for each NC
74. What are application partitions? When do I use them
75. How do you create a new application partition
76. How do you view replication properties for AD partitions and DCs?
77. What is the Global Catalog?
78. How do you view all the GCs in the forest?
79. Why not make all DCs in a large forest as GCs?
80. Trying to look at the Schema, how can I do that?
81. What are the Support Tools? Why do I need them?
82. What is LDP? What is REPLMON? What is ADSIEDIT? What is NETDOM? What is REPADMIN?
What are sites? What are they used for?
83. What's the difference between a site link's schedule and interval?
84. What is the KCC?
85. What is the ISTG? Who has that role by default?
86. What are the requirements for installing AD on a new server?
87. What can you do to promote a server to DC if you're in a remote location with slow WAN link?
How can you forcibly remove AD from a server, and what do you do later? • Can I get user passwords from the AD database?
88. What tool would I use to try to grab security related packets from the wire?
Name some OU design considerations.
89. What is tombstone lifetime attribute?
90. What do you do to install a new Windows 2003 DC in a Windows 2000 AD?
91. What do you do to install a new Windows 2003 R2 DC in a Windows 2003 AD?
92. How would you find all users that have not logged on since last month?
What are the DS* commands?
93. What's the difference between LDIFDE and CSVDE? Usage considerations?
94. What are the FSMO roles? Who has them by default? What happens when each one fails?
95. What FSMO placement considerations do you know of?
96. I want to look at the RID allocation table for a DC. What do I do?
97. What's the difference between transferring a FSMO role and seizing one? Which one should you NOT seize? Why?
98. How do you configure a "stand-by operation master" for any of the roles?
99. How do you backup AD?
100. How do you restore AD?
101. How do you change the DS Restore admin password?
102. Why can't you restore a DC that was backed up 4 months ago?
103. What are GPOs?
104. What is the order in which GPOs are applied?
105 Name a few benefits of using GPMC.
106. What are the GPC and the GPT? Where can I find them?
107. What are GPO links? What special things can I do to them?
108. What can I do to prevent inheritance from above?
109. How can you determine what GPO was and was not applied for a user? Name a few ways to do that.
110. A user claims he did not receive a GPO, yet his user and computer accounts are in the right OU, and everyone else there gets the GPO. What will you look for?
111. Name some GPO settings in the computer and user parts.
112. What are administrative templates?
113. What's the difference between software publishing and assigning?
114. Can I deploy non-MSI software with GPO?
115.You want to standardize the desktop environments (wallpaper, My Documents, Start menu, printers etc.) on the computers in one department. How would you do that?
2. WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF DHCP?
3. HOW DHCP CONFIGURE?
4. What is the new major feature introduced in Exchange 2003, which was not included in Exchange 2000?
5. How can you recover a deleted mail box ?
6. what is the use of ESUtil.exe ?
7. What are the port Numbers for pop3, imap, smtp port, smtp over ssl, pop3 over ssl, imap over ssl ?
8. Difference between Exchance 2003 and 2007?
9. what is RPC over Http ?
10. What is required for using RPC over Https with MS Outlook ?
11. If you have deleted the user, after you recreated the same user. How you will give the access of previous mail box ?
12. What are the prequisite for installation of Exchange Server ?
13. What is the use of NNTP with exchange ?
14. If NNTP service get stoped, what features of exchange will be effected ?
15. Which protocol is used for Public Folder ?
16. How will take backup of Active Directory ?
17. What are the content of System State backup ?
18. 1.boot process in windows nt/xp/2000/2003
19. 2.how do you configure memory dump if c:,d:,e: & paging file is configured so and so way?
20. 3.backups ? which is better, why and which to use when?
21. 4.disaster recovery plan?
22. 5.DHCP lease process
23. 6.DNS zones, chronicle records what are they?
24. 7.DHCP relay agent where to place it?
25. 8.what is active directory compared to SAM?
26. 9.what is GC? how many required for A Tree?
27. 10.what is forest?
28. 11.Group policies?
29. 12.FSMO Roles?
30. When you use ping command, how do you recognise DNS/WINS is working ?
31. What is the difference between DNS/WINS ?
32. Do you require WINS in Windows 2000 ? Explain how ?
33. What is Active Directory ?
34 You have parentdomain xyzhq.com and the childdomains INxyz and UKxyz. When you apply a group policy in parent domain zHQ as a domain level, does it applies to its child domain INxyz and UKxyz ?
35. You take a backup on Monday as FULL and Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday as Differential Backup. If your Server Crashes on Friday. Then what are the media tape required to restore the date ? Explain how ?
36. What is Global Catalog Server ?
37. Can GC Server and Infrastructure place in single server ? ifnot explain why ?
38. What is the size of log file which created before updating into ntds.dit and the total number of files ?
39. What does SYSVOL contains ?
40. Which is service in your windows is responsible for replication of Domain controller to another domain controller.
41. How data will travel between sites in ADS replication?
42. What is the port number for SMTP, Kerberos, LDAP, GC Server. ?
43. What Intrasite and Intersite Replication ?
44. What is lost & found folder in ADS ?
45. What is Garbage collection ?
46. What System State data contains ?
47. How do you restore a particular OU which deleted by accidently ?
48. What is IPSec Policy ?
49. What are different types of Group Policy ?
50. What is the order of applying Group Policy ?
51. What are the new features in Windows 2003 related to ADS, Repllication, Trust ?
52. How to edit the Schma in ADS ?
53. What is Domain Local, Global Group, Universal group ?
54. Diff between Global & Universal group ?
55. What are the different types of Terminal Services ?
56. What does mean by root DNS servers?
57. What are the different records in DNS ?
58. What is SOA records ?
59. How does the downlevel clients register it names with DNS server ?
60. What is RsOP ?
61. What is default lease period for DHCP Server?
62. What is the process of DHCP clients for getting the ip address?
63. What is multicaste ?
64. What is superscope ?
65. What is the System Startup process ?
66. What is WINS hybrid & mixed mode?
67. What is Disk Quota ?
68 .What is Active Directory?
69. What is LDAP?
70. Can you connect Active Directory to other 3rd-party Directory Services? Name a few options.
71. Where is the AD database held? What other folders are related to AD?
72. What is the SYSVOL folder?
73. Name the AD NCs and replication issues for each NC
74. What are application partitions? When do I use them
75. How do you create a new application partition
76. How do you view replication properties for AD partitions and DCs?
77. What is the Global Catalog?
78. How do you view all the GCs in the forest?
79. Why not make all DCs in a large forest as GCs?
80. Trying to look at the Schema, how can I do that?
81. What are the Support Tools? Why do I need them?
82. What is LDP? What is REPLMON? What is ADSIEDIT? What is NETDOM? What is REPADMIN?
What are sites? What are they used for?
83. What's the difference between a site link's schedule and interval?
84. What is the KCC?
85. What is the ISTG? Who has that role by default?
86. What are the requirements for installing AD on a new server?
87. What can you do to promote a server to DC if you're in a remote location with slow WAN link?
How can you forcibly remove AD from a server, and what do you do later? • Can I get user passwords from the AD database?
88. What tool would I use to try to grab security related packets from the wire?
Name some OU design considerations.
89. What is tombstone lifetime attribute?
90. What do you do to install a new Windows 2003 DC in a Windows 2000 AD?
91. What do you do to install a new Windows 2003 R2 DC in a Windows 2003 AD?
92. How would you find all users that have not logged on since last month?
What are the DS* commands?
93. What's the difference between LDIFDE and CSVDE? Usage considerations?
94. What are the FSMO roles? Who has them by default? What happens when each one fails?
95. What FSMO placement considerations do you know of?
96. I want to look at the RID allocation table for a DC. What do I do?
97. What's the difference between transferring a FSMO role and seizing one? Which one should you NOT seize? Why?
98. How do you configure a "stand-by operation master" for any of the roles?
99. How do you backup AD?
100. How do you restore AD?
101. How do you change the DS Restore admin password?
102. Why can't you restore a DC that was backed up 4 months ago?
103. What are GPOs?
104. What is the order in which GPOs are applied?
105 Name a few benefits of using GPMC.
106. What are the GPC and the GPT? Where can I find them?
107. What are GPO links? What special things can I do to them?
108. What can I do to prevent inheritance from above?
109. How can you determine what GPO was and was not applied for a user? Name a few ways to do that.
110. A user claims he did not receive a GPO, yet his user and computer accounts are in the right OU, and everyone else there gets the GPO. What will you look for?
111. Name some GPO settings in the computer and user parts.
112. What are administrative templates?
113. What's the difference between software publishing and assigning?
114. Can I deploy non-MSI software with GPO?
115.You want to standardize the desktop environments (wallpaper, My Documents, Start menu, printers etc.) on the computers in one department. How would you do that?
Window Vista Sp1
Microsoft confirmed its RC rollout plans on December 5. This Wednesday, the company made the Vista SP1 RC bits available via Microsoft Connect to the same 15,000 testers it provided with the RC preview. On December 6, Thursday, Microsoft made the Vista SP1 RC bits available on the Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) and TechNet, officials said. And on December 10th, Microsoft plans to make the Vista SP1 RC build available to anyone interested in downloading it from the Microsoft Download site
http://blogs.zdnet.com/microsoft/?p=1013&tag=nl.e622And you can download the Windows Vista Service Pack 1 Beta Overview
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=090DEAF6-2EAA-4AAA-8B3B-2E199DB4A97D&displaylang=en
http://blogs.zdnet.com/microsoft/?p=1013&tag=nl.e622And you can download the Windows Vista Service Pack 1 Beta Overview
http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=090DEAF6-2EAA-4AAA-8B3B-2E199DB4A97D&displaylang=en
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